Internal Parasites

Brewer, Matthew T.; Greve, John

doi:10.1002/9781119350927.ch67

Cited by 9 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…can occasionally result in diarrhea postweaning, but clinical disease has much greater significance preweaning ( Lindsay et al, 2019 ). Additionally, nematodes such as Ascaris suum and others are common if swine have access to dirt and can be managed with anthelmintic drugs ( Brewer and Greve, 2019 ). Protozoa and nematodes can be minor factors contributing to postweaning mortality in modern, intensive swine production systems but will not be discussed further.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postweaning mortality in commercial swine production II: review of infectious contributing factors

Gebhardt

Tokach

Dritz

et al. 2020

Translational Animal Science

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Postweaning mortality is extremely complex with a multitude of noninfectious and infectious contributing factors. In the current review, our objective is to describe the current state of knowledge regarding infectious causes of postweaning mortality, focusing on estimates of frequency and magnitude of effect where available. While infectious mortality is often categorized by physiologic body system affected, we believe the complex multifactorial nature is better understood by an alternative stratification dependent on intervention type. This category method subjectively combines disease pathogenesis knowledge, epidemiology, and economic consequences. These intervention categories included depopulation of affected cohorts of animals, elimination protocols using knowledge of immunity and epidemiology, or less aggressive interventions. The most aggressive approach to control infectious etiologies is through herd depopulation and repopulation. Historically, these protocols were successful for Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and swine dysentery among others. Additionally, this aggressive measure likely would be used to minimize disease spread if either a foreign animal disease was introduced or pseudorabies virus was reintroduced into domestic swine populations. Elimination practices have been successful for Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, coronaviruses, including transmissible gastroenteritis virus, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus, and porcine deltacoronavirus, swine influenza virus, nondysentery Brachyspira spp., and others. Porcine circovirus type 2 can have a significant impact on morbidity and mortality; however, it is often adequately controlled through immunization. Many other infectious etiologies present in swine production have not elicited these aggressive control measures. This may be because less aggressive control measures, such as vaccination, management, and therapeutics, are effective, their impact on mortality or productivity is not great enough to warrant, or there is inadequate understanding to employ control procedures efficaciously and efficiently. Since there are many infectious agents and noninfectious contributors, emphasis should continue to be placed on those infectious agents with the greatest impact to minimize postweaning mortality.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postweaning mortality in commercial swine production II: review of infectious contributing factors

Gebhardt

Tokach

Dritz

et al. 2020

Translational Animal Science

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“…On two of the investigated farms, swine dysentery and proliferative enteropathy were confirmed as the main reasons for diarrhoea. Both farms’ pigs were raised on straw, which encourages the spread of enteric pathogens and parasites, promotes their survival in the environment and hampers elimination of the disease ( 2 , 4 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Balantidium coli in pig farms suspected of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) associated enteritis

Szczotka-Bochniarz

Karamon

Nowak

et al. 2021

Journal of Veterinary Research

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Introduction Diarrhoea in growing-finishing pigs is a common problem of commercial pig farms. Among many causative factors, porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is one considered an important pathogen in modern pig production. The aim of the study was to verify if PCV2 was responsible for antibiotic non-responsive diarrhoea and wasting in pigs. Material and Methods A total of 13 dead pigs aged between 12 and 15 weeks from three Polish farms with persistent herd symptoms suggestive of PCV2 infection were provided for evaluation. Sections of lymph nodes and intestines were analysed by in situ hybridization (ISH) for PCV2 and histopathological examination. Faeces and intestinal scrapings were tested for Lawsonia intracellularis and Brachyspira hyodysenteriae by real-time PCR and for parasitic infection by flotation and decantation. Results ISH and histopathological examination showed that all pigs were PCV2 systemic disease negative. Swine dysentery was confirmed by real-time PCR on two farms, and proliferative enteropathy on one farm. In histological examinations, erosions of the caecal and colonic mucosa were found, together with cysts and trophozoites of Balantidium coli. The protozoa were present in the intestinal lumen and mucosa. B. coli cysts were identified in faeces from all examined pigs. Conclusion These results suggest that monitoring of B. coli infections should be an additional measure of control and prevention of gastrointestinal tract disorders in modern swine husbandry.

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“…Among the parasites, the most frequently detected were strongyles eggs. In this group, both eggs of the Superfamily Strongyloidea and those of the Superfamily Trichostrongyloidea were considered, since they are similar, requiring cultures or molecular analyzes to differentiate them properly (Brewer & Greve, 2019). It is important to note that strongyles, mainly Hyostrongylus rubidus and Oesophagostomum sp., can determine economic losses in production, since the sows infected with these parasites develop the "poor sow syndrome" that occurs during the suckling period of the piglets (Roepstorff & Nansen, 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…v.14, n.9, a656, p.1-6, Set., 2020 suis occurs precisely in the fattening phase (Brewer & Greve, 2019;Roepstorff & Nansen, 1998). In addition, infection by A. suum also causes condemnation of the pig's liver in the slaughterhouse due to the appearance of milk spots, points of fibrosis that are formed due to the larval migration of the nematode.…”

Section: Pubvetmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parasitos gastrointestinais de suínos criados em uma granja em Nova Iguaçu, Rio de Janeiro

Melo¹,

Cruz²,

Class³

et al. 2020

Pubvet

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At the national level, there are several types of pig breeding that employ diversified technologies and management, depending on the financial conditions of each producer. This difference, evidenced in the productions, ends up reflecting the presence of infectious agents in animals, including infections determined by gastrointestinal parasites such as helminths and protozoa. Due to the lack of information and the importance of this topic, this study aimed to report, through a parasitological survey, the frequency of gastrointestinal parasites detected in pig raised on a farm located in the Nova Iguaçú city, Rio de Janeiro. For this purpose, 200 fecal samples from 40 pens were collected. Fecal samples were processed in a pool using the Lutz spontaneous sedimentation technique. In 100% of the samples, forms of parasites were detected, being mainly strongyles eggs (97.5%), followed by coccidia oocysts (87.5%), Balantioides coli cysts (75%), Strongyloides ransomi eggs (42.5%), Ascaris suum (25%) eggs and Trichuris suis (7.5%), with statistically significant differences between these frequencies. From the parasitological survey carried out, it was possible to identify a high frequency of parasites in the fecal samples of the animals, confirming that the pig farm had precarious conditions for sanitary management.

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Internal Parasites

Cited by 9 publications

References 9 publications

Postweaning mortality in commercial swine production II: review of infectious contributing factors

Postweaning mortality in commercial swine production II: review of infectious contributing factors

Balantidium coli in pig farms suspected of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) associated enteritis

Parasitos gastrointestinais de suínos criados em uma granja em Nova Iguaçu, Rio de Janeiro

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