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Due to their similarity to humans, studies regarding gastric ulcers in pigs have become of great interest. It is known that Helicobacter spp. is related to the occurrence of these ulcers, as they possess a high prevalence in pigs. This study aimed to associate gastric lesions findings naturally occurring in minipigs related to or not related to the presence of Helicobacter spp., through the ultra-rapid urease test and immunohistochemical analysis, reaffirming the disease in swine as a natural biomedical model for human cases. For this, samples of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded gastric tissues from 40 minipigs were obtained at the Laboratório de Morfologia e Patologia Animal (LMPA) in the Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense (UENF). Regarding the ultra-rapid urease test, no animal was positive in all regions. However, 18 were positive in at least one: six (15%) were positive in the aglandular region, eight (20%) in the antrum region, 13 (32.5%) in the region of the cardiac gland, and one (2.5%) in the region of the fundic gland. Regarding immunohistochemical analysis, only one animal was positive in all regions, and 32 animals were positive in at least one: four (10%) were positive in the aglandular region, 10 (25%) in the antrum region, 23 (57.5%) in the region of the cardiac gland, and three (7.5%) in the region of the fundic gland. The gastric lesion findings showed a close relationship with Helicobacter spp., enriching the laboratory animal pathologies list. The immunostaining of the bacteria not associated with gastric lesions in certain regions demonstrated the saprophytic and opportunisitic nature of Helicobacter.

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The impact of pig farming on the worldwide economy causes production to be directed at an industrial scale, requiring the control of diseases that affect economic performance. Urinary infection (UI), for example, has a high prevalence in current production systems, causing economic losses due to the predisposition to reproductive failures, leading to an increase in disposal of sows and replacement rates. In this context, the objective of this work was to evaluate the prevalence of urinary tract infection (UTI) and possible changes in the urine sediment examination of pregnant sows to survey changes compatible with inflammation of the lower urinary tract. The samples were collected, randomly, from 43 sows of commercial genetic lineage, in different stages of gestation, and that belonged to a pig farm located in Guapimirim-RJ. The pig farm’s herd consisted of 200 sows, 90 of which were in the gestation phase. The samples were collected by spontaneous urination, using the first morning urine, before feeding, which happened around 7 am. The presence of UTI was identified in 12 of the 43 sows analyzed, with 21.5% of the herd being evaluated. A prevalence of 27.9% was observed with animals showing compatible UTI changes. This data was considered severe. The urine sediment examination is the best way to diagnose UTI with sedimentcopy being the most conclusive part. Despite this, it is necessary to relate the laboratory data with the zootechnical management used, as well as the environmental conditions.

A úlcera gastroesofágica figura como uma das principais causas de morte súbita de suínos em fase de reprodução. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os achados anatomopatológicos das lesões gástricas subclínicas em miniporcos. Quarenta animais, com peso médio de 39kg e idade de 17 meses, foram mantidos em biotério, em condições de temperatura e umidade constantes, alimentados duas vezes ao dia, sendo depois eutanasiados e necropsiados. Os estômagos foram colhidos e avaliados. Macroscopicamente, 29 animais apresentaram alterações na região aglandular, sendo que 37,5% foram classificadas no grau 1; 22,5%, no grau 2; e 12,5%, no grau 3. Microscopicamente, 29 (72,5%) miniporcos apresentaram paraqueratose. Destes, 35% tinham a forma moderada, 25% a discreta e 12,5% a acentuada. As lesões glandulares foram mais extensas na região cárdica, seguida da antral e fúndica. Trinta e seis (90%) animais apresentaram lesão em pelo menos uma das três regiões. Em 21 (52,5%) mini-porcos observou-se hiperatividade mucípara com catarro; em 17 (42,5%), aumento da atividade mucípara; em dez (25%), erosão. Os achados revelaram alta prevalência de lesões pré-ulcerativas nos estômagos dos miniporcos. A presença destas relacionou-se à gravidade macroscópica: quanto mais graves, mais intensa a paraqueratose.

Tumors are rarely diagnosed in swine specie because of the short lifespan of production animals. Normally, these tumors do not present any clinical signs and are often detected at the time of slaughter. A 2-year-old Large White boar, used in the reproductive management of a farm and without a history of pre-existing problems, was examined for skin lesions on the scrotum. Samples were collected from skin segments containing lesions for histopathological and immunohistochemical diagnosis. Microscopically, the nodes in the scrotum pouch consisted of poorly demarcated, highly cellular, expansile, and multifocally invasive neoplasms, composed of immature endotheliocytes organized into neovascular formations. The tumor cells were pleomorphic, slightly oval to spindle-shaped, with eosinophilic cytoplasm and hyperchromatic nuclei with one to three nucleoli. All the nodules analyzed were compatible with hemangiosarcoma. After immunohistochemical evaluation, for the quantification of tissue angiogenesis the neoplastic cells immunoexpressed the CD31 monoclonal antibodies and factor VIII, through the identification of proteins expressed on the surface of endothelial cells. The Ki67 cell proliferation marker was positive in approximately 10% of the neoplastic cells, demonstrating a high degree of malignancy. Hemangiosarcoma in swine species has already been identified in several organs and tissues; however, to date, no study has demonstrated the diagnosis of this condition on the skin of the scrotum, as reported in this study. Therefore, it is expected that this report will contribute to the knowledge of the frequency of neoplasms in swine species.

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