Intermittent hypoxic–hyperoxic training on cognitive performance in geriatric patients

Abstract

IntroductionIntermittent hypoxic–hyperoxic training (IHHT) may complement a multimodal training intervention (MTI) for improving cognitive function and exercise tolerance in geriatric patients.MethodsThirty-four patients (64–92 years) participated in this randomized controlled trial. Before and after the 5- to 7-week intervention period (MTI + IHHT vs. MTI + ambient air), cognitive function was assessed by the Dementia-Detection Test (DemTect) and the Sunderland Clock-Drawing Test (CDT), and functional exercise capacity by the total distance of the 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT).ResultsDemTect and CDT indicated significantly larger improvements after MTI + IHHT (+16.7% vs. −0.39%, P < .001) and (+10.7% vs. −8%, P = .031) which was also true for the 6MWT (+24.1% vs. +10.8%, P = .021).DiscussionIHHT turned out to be easily applicable to and well tolerated by geriatric patients up to 92 years. IHHT contributed significantly to improvements in cognitive function and functional exercise capacity in geriatric patients performing MTI.

Twelve weeks of exercise modality in hypoxia enhances health‐related function in obese older Korean men: A randomized controlled trial

“…The greater improvement in sit‐to‐stand, tandem test and one leg standing in HTG compared with NTG is considered to be due to the greater aerobic and anaerobic exercise capacity and muscular function required by hypoxic training than that by normoxic training. A larger increase in pegboard through hypoxic training is considered to be due to the improved cognitive performance by nitric oxide and erythropoietin production in the brain thought adaptation by hypoxia …”

“…A larger increase in pegboard through hypoxic training is considered to be due to the improved cognitive performance by nitric oxide and erythropoietin production in the brain thought adaptation by hypoxia. 15 Exposure to hypoxia has been shown to be associated with greater weight loss in individuals with a higher body mass index. 24 Exercise intervention in hypoxia is known to be effective in inducing the loss of bodyweight through various factors, including increased activity of appetite-related gut hormones and adipocytokines, the change in energy substrate utilization, increased energy metabolic rate, reduced perception of hunger feeling with associated reduced food intake, and increased activity of various endocrine factors.…”

“…However, the majority of studies on obesity and aging have mainly been carried out in Western society, and studies using hypoxic therapy for health promotion of the older adult population are very limited. 3,[14][15][16][17][18] Until now, the majority of obese and aging studies have focused on abdominal or central obesity, hypertension, insulin resistance, high triglyceride and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, which are associated with metabolic syndrome. 6 The numerous changes in health-related factors that occur during the process of obesity and aging need to be investigated.…”

Effect of Resistance Training Under Normobaric Hypoxia on Physical Performance, Hematological Parameters, and Body Composition in Young and Older People

“…However, RTH could also be a valuable exercise intervention strategy with a higher effectiveness than a resistance training under normoxic conditions for older people. This assumption is based on study results and the associated discussion that hypoxia and hypoxia in combination with physical exercise (e.g., endurance training, whole body vibration) is a positive evaluated, auspicious intervention strategy against age-related changes of the physical and mental health (Schega et al, 2013(Schega et al, , 2016Bayer et al, 2017;Camacho-Cardenosa et al, 2019a,b) as well as against diseases (e.g., cardio-vascular diseases, metabolic diseases) (Navarrete-Opazo and Mitchell, 2014;Verges et al, 2015;Millet et al, 2016;Serebrovska et al, 2016;Lizamore and Hamlin, 2017;Mallet et al, 2018). Therefore, RTH might be effective to maintain or to increase physical performance and health for older people in order to ensure independent living into old age (Frontera and Bigard, 2002;Hunter et al, 2004;Brady and Straight, 2014).…”

Evaluation of 18-Week Whole-Body Vibration Training in Normobaric Hypoxia on Lower Extremity Muscle Strength in an Elderly Population

“…Development of exercise in an environment with lower oxygen availability could enhance the physiological experience of training (Scott et al, 2014). In this sense, cyclic hypoxic training may contribute significantly to improvements in exercise capacity of elderly adults, being a safe and noninvasive strategy (Bayer et al, 2017). A previous study that combined additional exposure to hypoxia and strength endurance training augmented the positive effects on quality of life in the elderly, but the 18 sessions of this treatment were not enough to improve muscle strength (Schega et al, 2013).…”