Intergeneric Hybridization between <i>Phalaenopsis</i> 2166 and <i>Vanda</i> ‘saint valentine’: Characterization of Parents Using <i>ndhE</i> cpDNA Partial Sequence

Abstract

An intergeneric cross between Phalaenopsis 2166 and Vanda ‘saint valentine’ has successfully produced protocorms that will be grown further to form seedlings. The present study aims to genetically characterize both parents by using ndhE partial gene as its sequence is shown polymorphic among five orchid genera of the subtribe Oncidiinae. The results reveal that the ndhE partial sequences of Phalaenopsis 2166 and Vanda ‘saint valentine’ are considerably homologous with those of Oncidium. However, alignment of ndhE partial sequences between both parents shows only 58% similarity, leading to the conclusion that a relatively high genetic difference between them may occur.

Genetic diversity based on SSR markers of 30 Aeridinae sub-tribe orchid genetic resources of Indonesian Ornamental Crop Research Institute, Cianjur, Indonesia

“…The previous reports have indicated a relatively limited number of polymorphic SSR markers for the Aeridinae subtribe collection. The previously reported genetic analysis for the Aeridinae subtribe using molecular markers includes those reported by Yun et al ( 2020) for the genetic diversity of P. scolopendrifolia, Kim et al (2020) for the evolution and phylogenetics of the Aeridinae subtribe, Dwiati and Susanto (2021) for the intergeneric crosses between the genus Phalaenopsis and Vanda, and Jiang et al (2021) for the chloroplasts genomic of the Phalaenopsis zhejiangensis.…”

“…Closely related accession (intergeneric or interspecific) has been used to generate new orchid varieties with unique flowers (Hartati et al 2019;Antonetti et al 2021). However, intergeneric hybridizations are rarely successful (Kim et al 2015;Hartati et al 2019;Dwiati and Susanto 2021) because they are often sexually incompatible. The sexual incompatibility may be because of incompatible pollen and stigma shapes, pollen germination failure, or pollen tube growth failure (Kim et al 2015).…”

“…Hybridization among closely related accessions to generate intergeneric or interspecific hybrids may create new varieties with unique flower types (Hartati et al 2019;Antonetti et al 2021) and generate more diversities. However, intergeneric hybrids are usually more difficult to generate (Kim et al 2015;Hartati et al 2019;Dwiati and Susanto 2021) because of pollen shape and stigma incompatibility, pollen germination, and pollen tube growth failure (Kim et al 2015). Moreover, embryo degeneration, abnormal embryo development or growth, and aberrant or partial endosperm development may also cause the failure to generate intergeneric hybrids (Kim et al 2015).…”

“…Commercial orchid varieties in the international markets include intra-specific, intra-generic, and closely related inter-generic hybrids, with the significant aim of producing new orchid types (Hartati 2019;Antonetti et al 2021) as a result of changes in the genetic constitution through segregation and recombination (Marwoto et al 2012;Liu et al 2016). Hybrid varieties in orchids are desirable in the floriculture industry because they exhibit heterosis (Govindaraju 2019;Dwiati and Susanto 2021). However, breeding for commercial orchid hybrids exhibits many significant constraints because of the vast genetic differences among accessions (Hartati et al 2019) and the diverse evolution of the orchid germplasm (Zhang et al 2012;Guo et al 2015).…”

Somatic embryogenesis of the selected intergeneric hybrid between Phalaenopsis 2166 and Vanda ‘Saint Valentine’: Application of NAA and TDZ

“…The other three hybrids, i.e., F1.9, F1.11, and F1.14, showed slightly different ndhE sequences from that of Phalaenopsis 2166, and they have also been registered in the NCBI database as MH646651. One of the three hybrids, i.e., F1.14, has a partially spotted reddish-purple leaf that is predictable to produce conspicuously attractive flowers, thus potentially to be developed into a large number of plant individuals (Dwiati et al 2020b;Dwiati and Susanto 2021).…”