Interfacial reaction of a maleic anhydride grafted polyolefin with ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer at the buried solid/solid interface

Andre, John S.; Li, Bolin; Chen, Xiaoyun; Paradkar, Rajesh P.; Walther, Brian W.; Feng, Chuang; Tucker, Chris; Mohler, Carol; Chen, Zhan

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2020.123141

Cited by 21 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…SFG is a unique technique that can probe molecular interactions at buried solid/solid interfaces in situ nondestructively. We have applied SFG to study chemical reactions at various interfaces including polymer interfaces such as nylon/polyethylene interfaces, − poly(ethylene vinyl alcohol) (EVOH)/polyethylene interfaces, PET/silicone interfaces, ,− and primer/sealant interfaces, demonstrating that SFG is a powerful tool to elucidate interfacial chemical reaction mechanisms in situ in real time. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time interfacial reactions at the nylon/silicone adhesive interface have been directly characterized in situ.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probing Covalent Interactions at a Silicone Adhesive/Nylon Interface

Lin

Santos³

et al. 2022

Langmuir

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Covalent bonding is one of the most robust forms of intramolecular interaction between adhesives and substrates. In contrast to most noncovalent interactions, covalent bonds can significantly enhance both the interfacial strength and durability. To utilize the advantages of covalent bonding, specific chemical reactions are designed to occur at interfaces. However, interfacial reactions are difficult to probe in situ, particularly at the buried interfaces found in well-bonded adhesive joints. In this work, sum frequency generational (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy was used to directly examine and analyze the interfacial chemical reactions and related molecular changes at buried nylon/silicone elastomer interfaces. For self-priming elastomeric silicone adhesives, silane coupling agents have been extensively used as adhesion promoters.Here with SFG, the interfacial chemical reactions between nylon and two alkoxysilane adhesion promoters with varied functionalities (maleic anhydride (MAH) and epoxy) formulated into the silicone were observed and investigated. Evidence of reactions between the organofunctional group of each silane and reactive groups on the polyamide was found at the buried interface between the cured silicone elastomer and nylon. The adhesion strength at the nylon/cured silicone interfaces was substantially enhanced with both silane additives. SFG results elucidated the mechanisms of organo-silane adhesion promotion for silicone at the molecular level. The ability to probe and analyze detailed interfacial reactions at buried nylon/silicone interfaces demonstrated that SFG is a powerful analytical technique to aid the design and optimization of materials with desired interfacial properties.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probing Covalent Interactions at a Silicone Adhesive/Nylon Interface

Lin

Santos³

et al. 2022

Langmuir

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“…SFG spectroscopy has been developed into a powerful analytical tool to noninvasively study buried polymer interfaces with a variety of substrates, including interfacial behavior of additives in polymer adhesive formulations. − As a second-order nonlinear optical spectroscopy, SFG selectively probes materials that have broken inversion symmetry, due to the SFG selection rule under the electric dipole approximation. Typically, amorphous polymer materials have inversion symmetry in the bulk, where no SFG signals can be generated. − Inversion symmetry is broken at the substrate/polymer interface where SFG signal can be generated, so SFG can be used to selectively probe the molecular structures at an interface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Interactions between Amino Silane Adhesion Promoter and Acrylic Polymer Adhesive at Buried Silica Interfaces

Andre

Grant²,

Greyson³

et al. 2022

Langmuir

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In this study, the influence of an amino silane (3-(2aminoethylamino)-propyldimethoxymethylsilane, AEAPS) on the interfacial structure and adhesion of butyl acrylate/methyl methacrylate copolymers (BAMMAs) to silica was investigated by sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy (SFG). Small amounts of methacrylic acid, MAA, were included in the BAMMA polymerizations to assess the impact of carboxylic acid functionality on the glass interface. SFG was used to probe the O− H and CO groups of incorporated MAA, ester CO groups of BAMMA, and CH groups from all species at the silica interfaces. The addition of AEAPS resulted in a significant change in the molecular structure of the polymer at the buried interface with silica due to specific interactions between the BAMMA polymers and silane. SFG results were consistent with the formation of ionic bonds between the primary and secondary amines of the AEAPS tail group and the MAA component of the polymer, as evidenced by the loss of the MAA O−H and CO signals at the interface. It is extensively reported in the literature that methoxy head groups of an amino silane chemically bind to the silanols of glass, leaving the amine groups available to react with various chemical functionalities. Our results are consistent with this scenario and support an adhesion promotion mechanism of amino silane with various aspects: (1) the ionic bond formation between the tail amine group and acid functionality on BAMMA, (2) the chemical coupling between the silane head group and glass, (3) migration of more ester CO groups to the interface with order, and (4) disordering or reduced levels of CH groups at the interface. These results are important for better understanding of the mechanisms and effect of amino silanes on the adhesion between acrylate polymers and glass substrates in a variety of applications.

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“…Debonding adhesive interfaces selectively is a desirable feature for many adhesive applications, and achieving this end would greatly enhance the ability to recycle many polymer-based products and to recover valuable materials from a variety of applications. Typically, research and new applications in polymer adhesion are aimed at enhancing adhesion between the polymer and substrate, and much work has been done in this regard in the electronics and food packaging industries. − Many types of substrates are of interest when studying polymer adhesion such as semiconductors, metals, dissimilar polymers, and similar polymers where adhesion has been greatly enhanced. − This enhanced adhesion becomes an issue once the interface in the application is no longer in use; breaking these interfaces is difficult and as a result a large amount of waste is generated. At the end-of-life stage for many of the polymer products containing adhesive interfaces, a method to break the interface selectively would be valuable .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To better understand how the debonding layer behaves at an adhesive interface, sum frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy was employed. SFG has previously been used to study adhesive interfaces related to many applications, notably in the electronics industry and blown film polyolefin-based packaging. ,,,,− SFG is a key tool to reveal molecular structures, chemical interactions, and functional group orientations at surfaces and buried interfaces specifically. − Traditionally, an interface can be studied by breaking the interface and analyzing the resulting surfaces with methods such as XRD, FTIR, Raman scattering, and many others, with the assumption that the exposed surfaces serve as good models of the buried interface. However, breaking an interface destroys the interfacial interactions, which very likely leads to studying surfaces that are not representative of the original buried interface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultraviolet Light-Sensitive Debonding Layer for Reducing Adhesion of Polymer Adhesives for Recycling

et al. 2022

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Separating adhesives from substrates is important for recycling metals and polymer materials used in a variety of applications such as food packaging and electronics. A proof-ofconcept self-assembled debonding layer for debonding adhesives on demand is developed in this research. The debonding layer is applied to a silica surface in three steps. These steps were characterized with sum frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and contact angle goniometry. SFG data shows characteristic signals from each step of the reactions to build the debonding layer. Once the debonding layer is fully prepared, the UV sensitivity was also tested. The results showed that a well-ordered debonding layer can be prepared on a silica surface and the UV-sensitive bond breaks when exposed to UV light. Before debonding the UV-sensitive group on the debonding layer, adhesives could be applied, resulting in an adhesive interface that can be selectively broken. Two adhesive materials, poly(dimethyl siloxane) (PDMS) with a silane adhesion promoter and an epoxy system of diglycidyl ether (BADGE) cross-linked with a diamine compound, were studied and applied to the debonding layer on a silica surface to determine the efficacy of the debonding mechanism. Along with spectroscopic studies, adhesion tests were performed on silica/adhesive and silica/debonding layer/adhesive samples before and after UV irradiation exposure, showing that the debonding by UV light could reduce the adhesion strength. This study lays the groundwork for development of an interfacial debonding layer that reduces adhesion of adhesive polymers from a silica surface as well as other substrates with UV light.

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Interfacial reaction of a maleic anhydride grafted polyolefin with ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer at the buried solid/solid interface

Cited by 21 publications

References 65 publications

Probing Covalent Interactions at a Silicone Adhesive/Nylon Interface

Probing Covalent Interactions at a Silicone Adhesive/Nylon Interface

Molecular Interactions between Amino Silane Adhesion Promoter and Acrylic Polymer Adhesive at Buried Silica Interfaces

Ultraviolet Light-Sensitive Debonding Layer for Reducing Adhesion of Polymer Adhesives for Recycling

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