Interfacial polymerization to high-quality polyacrylamide/polyaniline composite hydrogels

Dai, Tingyang; Qing, Xutang; Wang, Jing; Shen, Cheng; Lu, Yun

doi:10.1016/j.compscitech.2009.11.027

Cited by 36 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…As the polymerization reaction proceeded, the growing PANi chains became hydrophilic and migrate into the aqueous phase confined within the PAAm hydrogel. 28 The achieved hydrogels were reported to be tough with compression strength of up to 1.1 MPa, fracture strains from 80 to 90% (for a sample with 90% water), and electrical conductivity of up to 3.4 × 10 −2 S cm −1 (when PANi content was ∼28 wt %). Electropolymerization was also employed to form conjugated polymers in a hydrogel network.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrically Conductive, Tough Hydrogels with pH Sensitivity

et al. 2012

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Electrically conductive, mechanically tough hydrogels based on a double network (DN) comprised of poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (PPEGMA) and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) were produced. Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) was chemically polymerized within the tough DN gel to provide electronic conductivity. The effects of pH on the tensile and compressive mechanical properties of the fully swollen hydrogels, along with their electrical conductivity and swelling ratio were determined. Compressive and tensile strengths as high as 11.6 and 0.6 MPa, respectively, were obtained for hydrogels containing PEDOT with a maximum conductivity of 4.3 S cm -1 . This conductivity is the highest yet reported for hydrogel materials of high swelling ratios. These hydrogels may be useful as soft strain sensors because their electrical resistance changed significantly when cyclically loaded in compression. ABSTRACT: Electrically conductive, mechanically tough hydrogels based on a double network (DN) comprised of poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (PPEGMA) and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) were produced. Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) was chemically polymerized within the tough DN gel to provide electronic conductivity. The effects of pH on the tensile and compressive mechanical properties of the fully swollen hydrogels, along with their electrical conductivity and swelling ratio were determined. Compressive and tensile strengths as high as 11.6 and 0.6 MPa, respectively, were obtained for hydrogels containing PEDOT with a maximum conductivity of 4.3 S cm −1 . This conductivity is the highest yet reported for hydrogel materials of high swelling ratios. These hydrogels may be useful as soft strain sensors because their electrical resistance changed significantly when cyclically loaded in compression.

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Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrically Conductive, Tough Hydrogels with pH Sensitivity

et al. 2012

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“…3, the increase in PANi content was observed as a function of aniline monomer 20 min 15 min 10 min 0 min (Dai et al 2010). The better achievements in PANi content are mainly due to the increased ability of BC to absorb water and more possibility to form hydrogen bond with amines of aniline.…”

Section: Physico-chemical and Electrical Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Compared with PANi synthesized by conventional oxidative polymerization, mostly containing aggregated particles, interfacial polymerization allows the distribution between PANi particles to be controlled uniformly (Huang et al 2003). By interfacial polymerization, PANi/PAAm (Polyacrylamide) composites were achieved and its electrical conductivity reached 10 -2 S/cm (Dai et al 2010). This kind of method is economical because it enables the organic solvent to be reused after distillation or purification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The PANi content on BC was calculated by the following equation (Dai et al 2010 A thermogravimetric analyzer, TGA Q5000 IR (TA instruments) was used for measurements on the 10 mg of the composites over a temperature ranging from 25 to 800°C at a heating rate of 10°C/min under a nitrogen flow of 40 mL/min.…”

Section: Physico-chemical and Electrical Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fabrication and evaluation of bacterial cellulose-polyaniline composites by interfacial polymerization

et al. 2012

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The fabrication and evaluation of nanocomposites based on microbial cellulose and polyaniline (PANi) are described. Microbial cellulose, so called, bacterial cellulose (BC) was introduced to interfacial polymerization of aniline. Two different phases based on water and chloroform made it easy for nanosized PANi particles to be synthesized on BC. Without any help of a surfactant or templates, BC played a critical role of supporting the growth of PANi. As a function of aniline concentration, the corresponding PANi content and volume resistivity were checked. From morphological images observed by FE-SEM, PANi nanoparticles were densely arrayed along every fiber of BC. The conjugated backbone of PANi was thought to contribute to the improvements of thermal stability of PANi/BC composites. The stiffness and brittleness of PANi were compensated by more ductile BC, suggesting BC can be a promising substrate for it. By the simple and facile interfacial polymerization, the electrical conductivity of PANi/ BC composites reached up to 3.8 9 10 -1 S/cm when 0.32 M of aniline was used. This PANi/BC nanocomposite can be useful in applications requiring biocompatibility and electrical conductivity such as biological and chemical sensors.

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“…Further, a unique method of interfacial polymerization [25] has been adopted recently to polymerize conducting polymer at the aqueous/organic interface which directly diffuse into the hydrogel matrix [26,27] . In this method, preformed polyacrylamide (PAM) hydrogel is first immersed in oxidant/dopant aqueous solution and then dipped in an organic solvent containing monomer forming conducting polymer in its doped state at the aqueous/organic interface and its homogeneous diffusion into the hydrogel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Dopant Ions on the Properties of Conducting Polyacrylamide/Polyaniline Hydrogels

Prabhakar

Kumar

2015

Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering

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Polyaniline (PANI) impregnated polyacrylamide (PAM) conducting hydrogels have been synthesized chemically via interfacial polymerization route using different acidic doping agents like sulphuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ), hydrochloric acid (HCl), and perchloric acid (HClO 4 ).The best properties were found in case of H 2 SO 4 doped PAM/PANI sample when compared with other doping agents. The resulting hydrogel exhibits superior properties including compact structure, high crystallinity, good mechanical strength and electrical conductivity. The maximum electrical conductivity of the order of 9.4 x 10 -5 S/cm was found in case of doped H 2 SO 4 PAM/PANI.

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Interfacial polymerization to high-quality polyacrylamide/polyaniline composite hydrogels

Cited by 36 publications

References 27 publications

Electrically Conductive, Tough Hydrogels with pH Sensitivity

Electrically Conductive, Tough Hydrogels with pH Sensitivity

Fabrication and evaluation of bacterial cellulose-polyaniline composites by interfacial polymerization

Influence of Dopant Ions on the Properties of Conducting Polyacrylamide/Polyaniline Hydrogels

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