Electrically Conductive, Tough Hydrogels with pH Sensitivity

Naficy, Sina; Razal, Joselito M.; Spinks, Geoffrey M.; Wallace, Gordon G.; Whitten, Philip G.

doi:10.1021/cm301666w

Cited by 144 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The fabrication strategy melds swollen hydrogel substrates with conventional vacuum-based device microfabrication techniques for potential applications in soft biohybrid robots, [ 84 ] actuators, [ 85 ] and mixed charge conducting media. [86][87][88][89] …”

Section: Communicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transfer Printing of Metallic Microstructures on Adhesion‐Promoting Hydrogel Substrates

Sariola

Zhu

et al. 2015

Advanced Materials

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Section: Communicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transfer Printing of Metallic Microstructures on Adhesion‐Promoting Hydrogel Substrates

Sariola

Zhu

et al. 2015

Advanced Materials

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“…Since then, the preparation of conducting polymer hydrogels has been intensively investigated in the past decade, involving cross-linking with chemical bonds or physical nodes (crystallites or aggregates) [27][28][29][30][31]. Besides, conducting polymer hydrogels can also be prepared by incorporating of conducting polymers with the host hydrogel matrix [32,33].…”

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confidence: 99%

Conducting polymer hydrogel materials for high-performance flexible solid-state supercapacitors

et al. 2016

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Different from solid electrodes, conducting polymer hydrogel electrodes swollen with water and ions, can reach contact with the electrolyte solution at the molecular level, which will result in more efficient electrochemical process of supercapacitors. Besides, the inherent soft nature of hydrogel material offers the electrode superior flexibility, which benefits to gain high flexibility for devices. Here, this perspective briefly introduces the current research progress in the field of conducting polymer hydrogel electrodes-based flexible solid-state supercapacitor and gives an outlook on the future trend of research.Keywords: Conducting polymer hydrogels, flexible supercapacitor, soft electrode, polyaniline, integrated device Nowadays, flexible energy storage devices (batteries and supercapacitors) have received widely attentions as the rapid progress of flexible and wearable electronics [1,2]. Flexible solid-state supercapacitors represent a new type of supercapacitor that can work under consecutive bending, stretching and even twisting states [3][4][5]. However, it remains a large challenge to obtain a flexible solid-state supercapacitor with high electrochemical performance and superior flexibility. The performance of a flexible supercapacitor mainly depends on the properties of electrode materials and the device configuration [6]. The electrode materials of supercapacitor include various nanocarbons, conducting polymers and transition metal oxides [7][8][9][10][11][12]. Conducting polymer electrodes possess several merits, such as high electric conductivity, large capacitance, inherent flexibility and easy to processing [13][14][15][16][17][18]. However, the separations of the molecular chains in conducting polymers are generally small relative to the double layer thickness, which results in low capacitance [19]. Besides, the low ionic mobility in the polymer matrix reduces the maximum power density of such electrodes [20].On the other hand, the current device configuration of the flexible solid-state supercapacitor somewhat hinders the device to gain better performance. Generally, a flexible solid-state supercapacitor consists of a "sandwich" laminated structure, including two flexible solid electrodes and the middle gel polymer electrolyte layer [21]. In terms of this structure, the solid electrode materials hardly make a sufficient contact with the gel polymer electrolyte that possesses large viscosity and poor diffusion, which results in low capacitance and sluggish the electrochemical response.Hydrogel is made up of solid three-dimensional polymeric networks and large amounts of water medium [22]. Generally, the hydrogels are employed as solid-state electrolyte of supercapacitors, such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) gel polymer electrolyte. Recently, conducting polymer hydrogels were used as electrode materials for supercapacitors instead of traditional solid electrodes [19,[23][24][25]. This "aqua material electrode" is conducting polymer matrix swollen with water and ions, which hence produce a...

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“…Therefore, it is important to develop a conductive hydrogel system that retains its conductivity at different gel swelling ratios and also displays enhanced mechanical performance. 10 The prepared PVA-based HPE shows a high proton-conductivity of 10 -2 S cm -1 , which may be considered as a result of synergistic contribution from SWA and triprotic acid (H3PO4). The high conductivity of the HPE is also aided by the large amount of water which is trapped in the polymer matrix.…”

Section: ⅲ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Properties of Activated Carbon Capacitor Adopting a Proton-conducting Hydrogel Polymer Electrolyte

Mohammed¹,

Kim²,

Kim³

et al. 2012

Elastomers and Composites

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ABSTRACT：An electric double-layer capacitor (ELDC) of activated carbon electrode is prepared using a proton-conducting hydrogel polymer electrolyte, which is composed of poly(vinyl alcohol), silicotungstic acid, H3PO4, and deionized water. A solid film by evaporating the hydrogel polymer electrolyte is also prepared for comparison. The hydrogel polymer electrolyte also acts as a separator with the thickness of about 80 μm and the room-temperature ionic conductivity of 10 -2 S cm -1 . The EDLC containing the symmetric electrodes of activated carbon shows the specific capacitance of 58 F g -1 at 100 mV s -1 with a good cycle life, implying that the hydrogel polymer electrolyte is very promising for use in EDLCs.

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Electrically Conductive, Tough Hydrogels with pH Sensitivity

Cited by 144 publications

References 45 publications

Transfer Printing of Metallic Microstructures on Adhesion‐Promoting Hydrogel Substrates

Transfer Printing of Metallic Microstructures on Adhesion‐Promoting Hydrogel Substrates

Conducting polymer hydrogel materials for high-performance flexible solid-state supercapacitors

Electrochemical Properties of Activated Carbon Capacitor Adopting a Proton-conducting Hydrogel Polymer Electrolyte

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