Summary: Polypyrrole nanotubes with high electric conductivity and azo function have been fabricated in high yield via an in‐situ polymerization. During the process fibrillar complex of FeCl3 and methyl orange (MO), acting as a reactive self‐degraded template, directed the growth of polypyrrole on its surface and promoted the assembly into hollow nanotubular structures.TEM image of uncompleted PPy nanotubes synthesized in MO solutions after reaction for 40 min.magnified imageTEM image of uncompleted PPy nanotubes synthesized in MO solutions after reaction for 40 min.

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We describe a simple and versatile method to fabricate conducting polymer hydrogels via supramolecular self-assembly between polymers and multivalent cations; the as-prepared hydrogels are potentially applicable in the fields of electrosensors, chemical release and artificial muscles.

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We describe herein a new facile approach to control the size and morphology of polypyrrole (PPy) nanotubular/wire structures in the presence of a cationic surfactant. The fibrillar complex of FeCl3 and methyl orange (MO), acting as a reactive self-degraded template for the formation of polypyrrole nanotubules, was modified by cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), which plays a dual role of adjusting the size of the seed template and providing an expanded region for the growth of polypyrrole. The modified template itself reacted oxidatively with pyrrole monomers to effectively construct nanotubular/wire structures with high yield. The effect of the concentration of CTAB on the initial template and subsequent polymerization process of pyrrole was investigated systematically. In the case of introducing anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) into the system, the MO–FeCl3 template was etched, resulting in a congregation of polypyrrole nanotubes and granules.

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One‐dimensional methyl orange fibrils can be easily prepared. They are stable in acidic aqueous solutions and soluble in neutral water. When used to synthesize conducting polymer microtubules, the fibrils act as “hard templates” formally but as “soft templates” effectively. Microtubular structures of polypyrrole, polyaniline, and poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) have been achieved successfully via such water‐soluble versatile templates.magnified image