Interface Reinforcement of Pulp Fiber Based ABS Composite with Hydrogen Bonding Initiated Interlinked Structure via Alkaline Oxidation and tert-Butyl Grafting on Cellulose

Abstract

Interface optimization in preparing natural fiber based biocomposite becomes a key factor that determines overall properties, especially mechanical performance. The solution for upgrading interfacial adhesion stemmed from polar fiber and nonpolar polymer remains unclear. Here, a kind of pulp fiber/acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) composite with content ratio of 1:1 was fabricated by functionalizing the cellulose fiber to coordinate interaction between fiber and ABS. With addition of 5 wt % polyacrylamide (PAM) there existed an interlinked three-element structure in composite. Three types of treatment to cellulose fiber, including alkali immersion, pivaloyl chloride grafting for 10 h and 20 h were conducted. Pulp fiber that was treated with alkali for one hour, followed by pivaloyl chloride reaction for ten hours, proved to be effective for interfacial adhesion. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) analysis reveals 21.9% of carbonyl and 12.1% of ester function in this fiber, which corresponds to oxidation and grafting. For its composite SEM picture displays that most of cellulose fiber are rooted in ABS and evident traces of tearing or fracture can be observed after tension test. DMA test indicates that this modified pulp fiber/ABS composite exhibits great compatibility, because of combined loss modulus peak ranging from 80 °C to 100 °C. Moreover, the well miscible composite has a tensile strength of 58.1 MPa and elastic modulus of 2515 MPa, increasing by nearly 50% and 60% from those of pure ABS, respectively.

Unveiling the physico‐mechanical properties of kenaf yarn fiber‐reinforced acrylonitrile butadiene styrene composites: Effect of quasi‐isotropic lay‐up sequences

“…The ratio of ABS to composite used is 1:1, which was determined based on previous research utilizing ABS and natural fiber composites with a similar content ratio. 31 The dimensions of the mold are 300 mm  300 mm. An octogen plate is utilized to apply pressure to the ABS within the compression machine, ensuring complete melting while controlling sample thickness uniformly.…”

Examination of compressive and flexural behaviors of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene filled with hemp fiber particles

“…As reported earlier, an alkaline treatment plays a positive role in the improvement of bonding between synthetic polymers and natural fibers. 48,[57][58][59][60] The alkaline treatment was achieved by immersing the hemp fibers into 10%wt NaOH solution for 24 h. Later, the alkaline-treated hemp fibers were washed by leaving them in distilled water for 24 h at room temperature. The main reason for this final washing process was to get rid of the possible remaining undesirable substances on the hemp fibers originating from the NaOH compound.…”

Investigation of effects of added hemp fiber particles on tensile behavior of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene

“…It was reported by many researchers that alkaline treatments strengthen the bond between natural fibers and synthetic materials. Although many different alkaline treatment processes were addressed in the literature, 22,[26][27][28][29] the alkaline treatment in this study was implemented by following more or less one of them. 29 Note that investigating the different alkaline treatments on the mechanical properties of natural fiber added-polymers is a different subject of study.…”