Interannual variability of heat waves in South Korea and their connection with large‐scale atmospheric circulation patterns

Lee, Woo-Seop; Lee, Myong‐In

doi:10.1002/joc.4671

Cited by 93 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 58 publications

(100 reference statements)

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“…Although the magnitude is not strong, negative SST anomalies are commonly found over the tropical eastern Pacific for both cases showing La Niña‐ like structure. Lee and Lee () also obtained the La Niña‐ like pattern in association with the interannual variation of heat wave frequency in Korea. Also, this result is consistent with previous studies that summer air temperature in Korea, Japan, and northeastern China becomes generally warmer than normal during La Niña years (Ueda et al, ; Wang et al, ; Wu et al, ; Yeo et al, ).…”

Section: Dynamical Features Of the Two Types Of Korean Heat Wavementioning

confidence: 87%

Two Types of Heat Wave in Korea Associated With Atmospheric Circulation Pattern

2019

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This study investigates heat wave variability over Korea during 1979‐2017. It is found that most of heat waves in Korea can be classified into two distinct types based on the spatial patterns of atmospheric circulation anomalies: the zonal wave (Z‐wave) type and the meridional wave (M‐wave) type. The Z‐wave type is accompanied by large‐scale atmospheric waves across the Eurasian continent, while the M‐wave type is associated with convective activities over the subtropical western North Pacific. The Z‐wave type occurs when the high‐pressure node of eastward propagating wave located around Korea and it seems that the associated wave energy could originate from North Atlantic Ocean. The M‐wave type, on the other hand, is driven by northward propagating wave train from subtropical western North Pacific to East Asia, which is triggered by anomalous convective activity over the subtropical western North Pacific. By analyzing thermodynamical as well as dynamical variables, detailed descriptions on the physical characteristics of two types of heat wave are presented in this study along with the possible implications for summer climate variability over Korea.

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Section: Dynamical Features Of the Two Types Of Korean Heat Wavementioning

confidence: 87%

Two Types of Heat Wave in Korea Associated With Atmospheric Circulation Pattern

2019

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“…Regardless, the HWN, HWDU, and HWM for both the absolute and relative heat waves demonstrate similar interannual variations with high values in the years 1997, 2010, 2013, etc., and lower values in 1973, 1993, etc. The consistency suggests that these heat wave indices are not independent but rather interrelated even though they represent different aspects of heat waves (Lee & Lee, ). For example, the temporal correlations among the RHWN, RHWDU, and RHWM are all above 0.93.…”

Section: Climatological Characteristics Of Ahws and Rhwsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat Waves in China: Definitions, Leading Patterns, and Connections to Large‐Scale Atmospheric Circulation and SSTs

et al. 2017

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Based on the daily maximum temperatures (Tmax) from 587 surface observation stations in China during 1959–2013, heat waves are detected using both absolute and relative definitions. The spatiotemporal variations of heat wave occurrence/duration/amplitude are compared between the two definitions. Considering the significant differences in regional climatology, relative threshold is more meaningful to detect the local extremes. By utilizing the empirical orthogonal function, the integral index heat wave total intensity is decomposed into three dominant modes: interdecadal (ID), interannual‐tripole (IA‐TR), and interannual‐dipole (IA‐DP) modes. The ID mode shows uniform anomalies over the whole China, with the maximum in north, and its corresponding time series depict notable interdecadal variations with a turning point around mid‐1990s. The IA‐DP mode exhibits opposite‐signed anomalies over north and south China. The IA‐TR mode shows an anomalous tripole pattern with negative anomalies over central China and positive anomalies over north and south China in its positive phase. Both the IA‐DP and IA‐TR patterns are more obvious since mid‐1990s with mainly year‐to‐year variations before that. All the three modes are controlled by anomalous high‐pressure systems, which are accompanied by local‐scale dry land conditions. The diabatic heating associated with anomalous convective activities over tropical western Pacific triggers Rossby wave trains propagating northward along the East Asia, which causes abnormal heat waves through descending motion over the high‐pressure nodes. In turn, the severe convections are generated by enhanced Walker circulation in the tropical Pacific due to warming and/or cooling sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the tropical western and eastern Pacific, respectively.

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“…The KMA also suggested that the north–south dipole mode found in the empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis for the geopotential height at 500 hPa for the heat wave period in South Korea is similar to the composite difference between the heat‐wave summers (HWS) and the non‐heat‐wave summers (NHWS) in South Korea, emphasizing that the convective activity over the northwestern Pacific Ocean is partly responsible for the heat waves in South Korea. Lee and Lee () also suggested the importance of the convective activity over the northwestern Pacific Ocean based on a regression analysis of the heat wave frequency over South Korea. Thus far, many studies have focused on the roles of tropical forcings in heat waves of East Asia rather than on west–east teleconnections (Nitta, ; Kosaka and Nakamura, ; Wu et al ., ; ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible impact of the diabatic heating over the Indian subcontinent on heat waves in South Korea

Kim

Park³

et al. 2018

Intl Journal of Climatology

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We investigate the impact of the diabatic heating (Q1) over the Indian subcontinent and Tibetan Plateau (TP) sensible heat on the heat waves in South Korea in July and August over a recent 42‐year period. In particular, we emphasize the role of the convective activity across the region from northeastern Pakistan to northwestern India (PWI) induced by the heat from the TP, especially over the western and eastern TP. A composite analysis indicates that the composite differences between the heat‐wave summers (HWS) and non‐heat‐wave summers (NHWS) resemble the circum‐global teleconnection (CGT) pattern, which generates a high‐pressure anomaly over the Korean Peninsula, producing favourable conditions for heat waves in South Korea. The first coupled mode of the geopotential height at 250 hPa with the daily maximum temperature (TM) for July and August in South Korea is consistent with the composite pattern, suggesting that the diabatic heating over the Indian subcontinent induces a high‐pressure anomaly over the Korean Peninsula through a CGT‐like mechanism. The regression analysis of the wind vectors in the upper troposphere also indicates that the diabatic heating over the PWI region and associated TP sensible heating generates the strong convection over the PWI region, which corresponds to the anomalous anticyclonic circulation at 250 hPa over the western TP and the cyclonic circulation at 850 hPa over the PWI region. Moreover, the correlation patterns of the 250‐hPa geopotential height with the normalized rainfall amount index (IMRI) over the PWI region and the wave activity flux pattern confirm that the strong convective activity over the PWI region contributes to the anomalous high pressure and heat waves over the Korean Peninsula.

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Interannual variability of heat waves in South Korea and their connection with large‐scale atmospheric circulation patterns

Cited by 93 publications

References 58 publications

Two Types of Heat Wave in Korea Associated With Atmospheric Circulation Pattern

Two Types of Heat Wave in Korea Associated With Atmospheric Circulation Pattern

Heat Waves in China: Definitions, Leading Patterns, and Connections to Large‐Scale Atmospheric Circulation and SSTs

Possible impact of the diabatic heating over the Indian subcontinent on heat waves in South Korea

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