Interactions between lipid source and vitamin A on broiler performance, blood parameters, fat and protein deposition rate, and bone development

Abstract

A total of 2622 male broilers were distributed in a 2 × 5 factorial design, using 2 lipid sources (soybean oil and palm fat), 5 levels of vitamin A supplementation (0, 3,000, 6,000, 12,000, and 24,000 IU kg −1 ), with 10 replicates, and also 1 control diet ( CD ) for each lipid source used (7 replicates), each experimental unit being composed of 23 birds. During the first 21 d (how were the birds fed) and from 22 to 42 d of age, a redistribution of the treatments was carried out in a 2 × 2 × 5 factorial design: half of the repetitions of each treatment received the diet of the initial treatment, and the others received the CD with its type of lipid source. In the phase from 1 to 21 d of age, the effect of lipid source on feed intake ( FI ) and feed conversion ratio ( FCR ), and the effect of vitamin supplementation on FI and weight gain ( WG ) were observed, with a quadratic response for both variables. At 42 d of age, the lipid source and vitamin A level influenced the FI, whereas the WG and FCR showed interactions between period and the level of vitamin A supplementation. Neither lipid source resulted in blood parameters out of the typical pattern for birds, and the same was observed in relation to dietary vitamin A supplementation. From 1 to 21 d of age, a vitamin A supplementation of 15,585 IU kg −1 was estimated, and at 42 d, 15,527 IU kg −1 and 15,148 IU kg −1 were estimated for the periods 1 to 21 d and 1 to 42 d, respectively.

Hypertrophy of Adipose Tissues in Quail Embryos by in ovo Injection of All-Trans Retinoic Acid

“…In newborn Angers calves, injection of vitamin A significantly increased percentages of intramuscular fat (Harris et al, 2018). In broiler chickens, fat deposition rate was increased during 1-21 days after hatching but decreased during 22-42 days by dietary supplementation of vitamin A (Savaris et al, 2020). In the current study, in ovo injection of 300 nM atRA at E5-E7 resulted in an increase of weights and percentages of adipose tissues (Figure 3).…”

“…In poultry, adipogenic differentiation in vitro can be induced by supplementation of atRA (Kim et al, 2020a,b;Lee et al, 2021). Dietary supplementation of vitamin A during early post-hatch period increased fat accretion in broiler chickens (Savaris et al, 2020). The present study aims to investigate the cellular effects of atRA on adipose growth in quail embryos as an animal model.…”

Associations of serum vitamins levels with bone mineral density in the different race-ethnicities US adults

“…The possible mechanisms might be summarized as follows: First, vitamin A could indirectly improve bone health by restraining the excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone, a higher level of which was suggested to result in poor bone health [ 23 , 24 ]. Second, vitamin A can promote bone growth by means of affecting the growth hormone and stimulating the production of insulin-like growth factor 1, which are conducive to bone health [ 25 ]. Third, oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species can promote the development of osteoporosis.…”