Interaction of Salinity and Temperature on the Germination of Crambe

Abstract

Crambe (Crambe abyssinica Hochst. ex R.E. Fries) is a potential oilseed crop for semiarid and arid environments where saline irrigation waters and soils are common. Crambe tolerance to salinity during germination is unknown. A laboratory experiment was designed to determine salinity tolerance of crambe during germination and salinity ✕ temperature interactions that may influence germination and stand establishment. Treatment solutions were prepared using NaCl and CaCl2 in a 2:1 molar ratio. Salinity (electrical conductivities of 0.03, 6.3, 12.1, 17.3, 22.5, 27.1, 32.0 and 36.3 dS m−1) and temperature (5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 °C) effects on germination of ‘Meyer’ crambe seed were determined over a 12 d period. Counts were taken at 3 d intervals and germination percentages and rate indexes were determined. Germination declined with increasing salinity at each counting date and salinity ✕ temperature interactions were highly significant. Germination was severely limited at 5 °C with only 22% germination in the salinity control (0.03 dS m−1) after 12 d. The optimum germination temperature for all salinity levels fell in the 15 to 25 °C range, with the final cumulative germination percentage peaking at 20 °C for most treatments. Germination decreased on either side (10 and 30 °C) of the optimum. Germination rate was drastically reduced at 5 °C at all salinity levels, with an intermediate effect at 10 and 30 °C at the lower salinity levels decreasing with increasing salinity at all temperatures. These results suggest that crambe is moderately tolerant to salinity stress during germination over the 10 to 30 °C temperature range.

Influence of Salinity and Temperature on Germination of Trifolium repens

“…Stone et al (1979) announced that medicago in the beginning stages of growth is more sensitive to salinity and there is a reciprocal influence between levels of saltiness to percentage of seed germination. Thus, the results of Flower (1991) showed that the germination percentage reduction of crambe abyssinica reach to a maximum temperature of 30°C by increasing salinity and time. Whereas in temperatures of 15 and 25°C, salinity has no important influence on decreasing of germination percentage.…”

Temperatura basal, duração do ciclo e constante térmica para a cultura do crambe

“…surge com potencial para a produção de óleo destinado à fabricação de biodiesel em estação fria, energia limpa e renovável, em substituição aos combustíveis fósseis, auxiliando na contenção da emissão de gases de efeito estufa. É uma cultura oleaginosa capaz de tolerar temperaturas de até -6,0 ºC por algumas horas sem danos significantes (Fowler, 1991). Durante o período vegetativo necessita temperaturas entre 15 ºC e 25 ºC (Falasca et al, 2010) Dentre as principais características da cultura está sua precocidade, com grãos maduros aos 90/100 dias, boa produtividade, podendo atingir 2.500 kg ha -1 , adaptação a variadas condições pedoclimáticas (Lazzeri et al, 1995;Lessman e Meier, 1972;White e Higgins, 1966) e maturação uniforme, facilitando a colheita mecanizada (Falasca et al, 2010).…”

Devolopment of Some Canola Genotypes to Salinity Tolerance Using Tissue Culture Technique

“…Saline soil and saline irrigation water present potential hazards to canola production (Fowler, 1991). Therefore, it ranks first among field oil crops that withstand stressed conditions and by using tissue cultures we could increase salt tolerance of canola by induction of somaclonal variation (Larkin & Scowcroft, 1981).…”