Interaction between Non-Coding RNAs and Androgen Receptor with an Especial Focus on Prostate Cancer

Taheri, Mohammad; Khoshbakht, Tayyebeh; Jamali, Elena; Kallenbach, Julia; Ghafouri‐Fard, Soudeh; Baniahmad, Aria

doi:10.3390/cells10113198

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 169 publications

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“…Membrane-bound GPCRs also respond to androgen, which may increase apoptosis and phosphorylation of ERK and decrease cell migration and metastasis (20)(21)(22)(23)39). In addition, AR regulates SRC expression via microRNA (miR)-203, prostate epithelial cell proliferation via miR-221, proliferation and viability via miR-96, migration, metastasis, and invasion via miR-541 and apoptosis via miR-125b by controlling the expression of genes, such as kallikrein-related peptidase 3 and prostate-specific membrane antigen, two important markers of prostate differentiation (39)(40)(41)(42). Zhang et al (42) demonstrated the delivery of microRNA-21-sponge and pre-microRNA-122 by MS2 virus-like particles to target hepatocellular carcinoma cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial RNA virus MS2 exposure increases the expression of cancer progression genes in the LNCaP prostate cancer cell line

et al. 2023

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Bacteriophages effectively counteract diverse bacterial infections, and their ability to treat most types of cancer has been explored using phage engineering or phage-virus hybrid platforms. In the present study, it was demonstrated that the bacteriophage MS2 can affect the expression of genes associated with the proliferation and survival of LNCaP prostate epithelial cells. LNCaP cells were exposed to bacteriophage MS2 at a concentration of 1x10 7 plaque forming units/ml for 24-48 h. After exposure, various cellular parameters, including cell viability, morphology, and changes in gene expression, were examined. MS2 affected cell viability adversely, reducing viability by 25% in the first 4 h of treatment; however, cell viability recovered within 24-48 h. Similarly, the AKT, androgen receptor, integrin α5, integrin β1, MAPK1, MAPK3, STAT3, and peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor-γ coactivator 1α genes, which are involved in various normal cellular processes and tumor progression, were significantly upregulated, whereas the expression levels of HSP90, ITGB5, ITGB3, HSP27, ITGAV, and PI3K genes were unchanged. Therefore, based on viability and gene expression changes, bacteriophage MS2 severely impaired LNCaP cells by reducing anchorage-dependent survival and androgen signaling. A caveolin-mediated endocytosis mechanism for MS2-mediated signaling in prostate cancer cells was proposed based on reports involving bacteriophages T4, M13, and MS2, and their interactions with LNCaP and PC3 cell lines.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial RNA virus MS2 exposure increases the expression of cancer progression genes in the LNCaP prostate cancer cell line

et al. 2023

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“…Competing roles of miRNAs and lncRNAs in regulating gene expression and an additional role of miRNAs in repressing translation in AR-independent prostate cancer and in NEPC have been reported [ 88 ]. There is also a direct impact of a number of non-coding RNAs on AR gene transcription, whereas the level of several of them is controlled by the AR [ 89 , 90 , 91 ]. Shifts in non-coding RNA abundance following therapy and an implication in resistance to AR antagonists or taxanes have been reported [ 92 ].…”

Section: Epigenomementioning

confidence: 99%

From Omics to Multi-Omics Approaches for In-Depth Analysis of the Molecular Mechanisms of Prostate Cancer

Nevedomskaya

Haendler

2022

IJMS

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Cancer arises following alterations at different cellular levels, including genetic and epigenetic modifications, transcription and translation dysregulation, as well as metabolic variations. High-throughput omics technologies that allow one to identify and quantify processes involved in these changes are now available and have been instrumental in generating a wealth of steadily increasing data from patient tumors, liquid biopsies, and from tumor models. Extensive investigation and integration of these data have led to new biological insights into the origin and development of multiple cancer types and helped to unravel the molecular networks underlying this complex pathology. The comprehensive and quantitative analysis of a molecule class in a biological sample is named omics and large-scale omics studies addressing different prostate cancer stages have been performed in recent years. Prostate tumors represent the second leading cancer type and a prevalent cause of cancer death in men worldwide. It is a very heterogenous disease so that evaluating inter- and intra-tumor differences will be essential for a precise insight into disease development and plasticity, but also for the development of personalized therapies. There is ample evidence for the key role of the androgen receptor, a steroid hormone-activated transcription factor, in driving early and late stages of the disease, and this led to the development and approval of drugs addressing diverse targets along this pathway. Early genomic and transcriptomic studies have allowed one to determine the genes involved in prostate cancer and regulated by androgen signaling or other tumor-relevant signaling pathways. More recently, they have been supplemented by epigenomic, cistromic, proteomic and metabolomic analyses, thus, increasing our knowledge on the intricate mechanisms involved, the various levels of regulation and their interplay. The comprehensive investigation of these omics approaches and their integration into multi-omics analyses have led to a much deeper understanding of the molecular pathways involved in prostate cancer progression, and in response and resistance to therapies. This brings the hope that novel vulnerabilities will be identified, that existing therapies will be more beneficial by targeting the patient population likely to respond best, and that bespoke treatments with increased efficacy will be available soon.

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“…Moreover, it can facilitate design of novel biomarkers for early detection of cancers. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are promising transcripts for both purposes ( 7 – 9 ). These transcripts have sizes more than 200 nucleotides and are responsible for a variety of regulatory mechanisms at different levels of gene expression regulation ( 10 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Importance of long non-coding RNAs in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of prostate cancer

et al. 2023

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Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are regulatory transcripts with essential roles in the pathogenesis of almost all types of cancers, including prostate cancer. They can act as either oncogenic lncRNAs or tumor suppressor ones in prostate cancer. Small nucleolar RNA host genes are among the mostly assessed oncogenic lncRNAs in this cancer. PCA3 is an example of oncogenic lncRNAs that has been approved as a diagnostic marker in prostate cancer. A number of well-known oncogenic lncRNAs in other cancers such as DANCR, MALAT1, CCAT1, PVT1, TUG1 and NEAT1 have also been shown to act as oncogenes in prostate cancer. On the other hand, LINC00893, LINC01679, MIR22HG, RP1-59D14.5, MAGI2-AS3, NXTAR, FGF14-AS2 and ADAMTS9-AS1 are among lncRNAs that act as tumor suppressors in prostate cancer. LncRNAs can contribute to the pathogenesis of prostate cancer via modulation of androgen receptor (AR) signaling, ubiquitin–proteasome degradation process of AR or other important signaling pathways. The current review summarizes the role of lncRNAs in the evolution of prostate cancer with an especial focus on their importance in design of novel biomarker panels and therapeutic targets.

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Interaction between Non-Coding RNAs and Androgen Receptor with an Especial Focus on Prostate Cancer

Cited by 8 publications

References 169 publications

Bacterial RNA virus MS2 exposure increases the expression of cancer progression genes in the LNCaP prostate cancer cell line

Bacterial RNA virus MS2 exposure increases the expression of cancer progression genes in the LNCaP prostate cancer cell line

From Omics to Multi-Omics Approaches for In-Depth Analysis of the Molecular Mechanisms of Prostate Cancer

Importance of long non-coding RNAs in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of prostate cancer

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