Intelligent intelligence testing.

Benson, Etienne

doi:10.1037/e300052003-028

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…Aspects of intelligence tests measure how quickly one can perform certain tasks, which may indicate the presence and quality of skills, but a few tasks may ask for explanations which capture "why," and associated issues of justification (Benson, 2003). Some of this ability is present due to learning and some due to genetic abilities that develop as species evolve.…”

Section: Diffusing the Abilities To Justify Through Societymentioning

confidence: 99%

Information and Knowledge: Combining Justification, Truth, and Belief

Losee

2014

InformingSciJ

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Knowledge of a statement exists when the statement is true, it is believed, and it is justified. While there are somewhat unusual situations where the justified, true, belief model does not produce what some consider to be knowledge, this definition of knowledge serves as an adequate model for most purposes. Information being produced by processes is examined, and then expanded to show how different kinds of information combine to produce knowledge. Qualitative and quantitative definitions and variants of truth, justification, and belief are proposed, providing an informing based model of knowledge that can be applied to a range from individual statements to larger groups and societies. When justification and belief are diffused, such as through transmission, knowledge may be diffused or communicated. This paper presents a theoretical argument for treating knowledge as a combination of justification, truth, and believed statements, as well as a method for combining these statements. A discussion of empirical data that can be used to indicate belief, justification, truth, and knowledge in societies is provided and we show how the rise of Protestantism is associated with a rise in knowledge. We consider how Max Weber's hypothesis about the relationship between Protestantism and capitalism may be understood and historically and empirically supported in the context of the rise of knowledge as justified true belief.

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Section: Diffusing the Abilities To Justify Through Societymentioning

confidence: 99%

Information and Knowledge: Combining Justification, Truth, and Belief

Losee

2014

InformingSciJ

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“…David Wechsler (1939) membuat Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) dan telah direvisi berkali-kali sebagai WAIS-R dan Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-R (WISC-R). [1][2][3][4] Tes Binet pada dasarnya mengetahui kemampuan intelektual siswa dalam jangka pendek, tetapi ternyata digunakan juga untuk menentukan ranking siswa. Hasil tes IQ hanya mempunyai kontribusi 25% terhadap kemampuan seseorang yang sesungguhnya dan IQ hanya berkontribusi 30% dalam prestasi kerja seseorang.…”

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“…Hasil tes IQ hanya mempunyai kontribusi 25% terhadap kemampuan seseorang yang sesungguhnya dan IQ hanya berkontribusi 30% dalam prestasi kerja seseorang. 2,4 Howard Gardner di Harvard School of Education and Harvard Project Zero tahun 1983 telah mencetuskan teori kecerdasan majemuk yang menolak teori lama tentang kecerdasan dan mengatakan bahwa tes seperti tes Stanford Binet atau SAT untuk ujian masuk sebuah sekolah sebagai hitungan tradisional yang tidak adekuat menilai kecerdasan atau ketangkasan. Anakanak harus dinilai dari apa yang dapat mereka lakukan bukan menilai bagaimana mereka dapat melakukan.…”

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Kecerdasan Majemuk pada Anak

Suarca

Soetjiningsih

Ardjana

2016

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Kecerdasan majemuk pertama kali diperkenalkan tahun 1983 oleh Howard Gardner diHarvard School of Education and Harvard Project Zero. Teori ini membantah tes seperticontoh Stanford Binet Test yang dikatakan sebagai hitungan tradisional yang tidakadekuat menilai kecerdasan. Menurut Gardner, kecerdasan melebihi dari hanya sekedarIQ (Intelligence Quotient) karena IQ yang tinggi tanpa ada produktifitas bukanmerupakan kecerdasan yang baik. Anak harus dinilai berdasarkan apa yang merekadapat kerjakan bukan apa yang tidak dapat mereka kerjakan. Kecerdasan didefinisikansebagai kemampuan untuk memecahkan masalah dan memiliki nilai lebih dalam sebuahkultur masyarakat. Kecerdasan adalah potensi biopsikologikal untuk mengolah informasisehingga dapat memecahkan masalah, menciptakan hasil baru yang menambah nilainilaibudaya setempat. Pandangan baru ini sangat berbeda dengan pandangan lamayang selalu mengandalkan dua penilaian yaitu verbal dan komputasional. Delapan macamkecerdasan itu antara lain, (1) Kecerdasan linguistik, (2) Kecerdasan logika-matematika,(3) Kecerdasan gerak tubuh, (4) Kecerdasan musikal, (5) Kecerdasan visual-spasial, (6)Kecerdasan interpersonal, (7) Kecerdasan intrapersonal, dan (8) Kecerdasan naturalis.

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“…Intelligence tests can be helpful in a variety of ways when used correctly (Benson, 2003;Berkeley, Bender, Peaster, & Saunders, 2009;San Miguel Montes, Puente, Allen, & Neblina, 2010;O'Donnell & Miller, 2011;Oliveras-Rentas, Kentworthy, Roberson III, Martin & Wallace, 2012;Sherman, Brooks, Fay-McClymont & MacAllister, 2012;Thaler, Bello, & Etcoff, 2012;Lanfranchi, 2013). Therefore, some professionals make accommodations to the usual procedures for assessment when working with children who are ELL.…”

Section: Accommodations For Students Who Are Ellmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing English language learners

Kopelman¹

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To my mother: I could not have completed this project without all of your help and support. I love you iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to acknowledge the amazing support from my family and from my academic advisor. Thank you so much for all of your encouragement and guidance in completing this project. Furthermore, I would like to acknowledge the help I received from the superintendent of the school district that I worked with and all of the school staff (principal, vice-principal, teachers, speech and language pathologist, and school psychologist). This project would have been infinitely more difficult without your assistance and support. Last, I would like to thank the students I worked with. I had a fantastic time working with you and you made the data collection phase a joy to complete.

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Intelligent intelligence testing.

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Information and Knowledge: Combining Justification, Truth, and Belief

Information and Knowledge: Combining Justification, Truth, and Belief

Kecerdasan Majemuk pada Anak

Assessing English language learners

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