“…In fact, this was considered unethical, or at least was not supposed to be done overtly. Instead, it should be done for the sake of self-development, edification and societal benefit (Alford, 1993;Lehman, 2006). In fact, in traditional Confucian society, 'profit had been seen as characteristics of ''an inferior person'' (xiao-ren) who acts out of self interest and not principle' (Lehman, 2006, p. 6).…”