Integration of Surveying Techniques to Detect the Ideal Shape of a Dome: The Case of the Escuelas Pías Church in Valencia

Abstract

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The three-dimensional (3D) documentation and surveying of cultural heritage can be carried out following several geomatics techniques such as laser scanning and thermography in order to detect the original 3D shape after applying reverse engineering solutions. In almost all cases, the integration of data collected by different instruments is needed to achieve a successful and comprehensive 3D model of the as-built architectural shape of the historical building. This paper describes the operations carried out by the authors to determine the as-built 3D model of the Escuelas Pias Church, related namely to the dome and circular nave. After the description of the church and historical notes, attention will be driven to the indirect registration results obtained with three different laser scanning software packages, highlighting similarities and differences, and the consequences while generating meshes. The 3D model carried out will then be described and the results of some investigations with regard to the hypotheses about the design of the dome and the origin of the alterations will be presented.</p>

The Assessment of the Baroque Vault Construction Technique By Scan-to-Bim Process: St. Bernard’s Chapel in the Plasy Monastery

“…A recent study creates an HBIM Library of Renaissance domes, whose geometry is based on the geometrical rules that can be found in historical treatises (Capone et al, 2019). On the other hand, other research approaches use the 3D model to verify design hypothesis about the construction of the vault (Artese et al, 2019) or go beyond the pure geometric analysis of the vaults and try to understand how to transfer the constructive techniques to the 3D models. This results in an integration of the materials and constructive techniques into the HBIM, through a detailed modeling of each structural and non-structural component.…”

The Church of Sant'andrea in Bergamo: An Integrated Survey for Knowledge and Conservation

“…The point cloud of the dome was intersected with horizontal planes with constant pitch through an automated procedure with the software ®3DFLOW Zephyr Aerial. The interpolation of the centres of the circumferences resulting from the intersection of horizontal planes with the hemispherical surface of the dome defined the inclination of its axis (Artese et al 2019) that resulted equal to 0.86 ° in the direction of the apse (Figure 11).…”

The survey, the representation and the structural modeling of the S. Angelo roman bridge on the Savuto river (Scigliano, Calabria, Italy) for diagnostics and conservation aims.

“…Different techniques and tools are utilized and the results can be used jointly in a common environment. In this way interdisciplinary analyzes are possible, allowing a complete understanding of the problems of the surveyed objects and facilitating the identification of the best solutions [2,3]. The use of different techniques and tools allows the optimization of resources, so that the objects that need to be modeled in greater detail are surveyed with the most accurate and expensive techniques in terms of instrumentation and human sources.…”