Integration of organic animal production into land use with special reference to swine and poultry

Hermansen, John E.; Strudsholm, Karin; Horsted, K.

doi:10.1016/j.livprodsci.2004.07.009

Cited by 42 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The primary use of tilled crop phases in organic ZT is to suppress weeds not controlled during ZT crop phases by cover crop mulch. Animal grazing has been used for weed suppression in various cropping systems [50,51] and might be substituted for tilled crop phases in organic ZT farming systems for the same purpose. Appropriate integration of livestock grazing also could be used to synchronize the release of plant-available nutrients in animal excrement and when they are needed by cover and market crops.…”

Section: Current Agronomic Challenges To Commercial Adoption Of Organmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of Organic Zero Tillage Systems on Crops, Weeds, and Soil Quality

2013

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Abstract:Organic farming has been identified as promoting soil quality even though tillage is used for weed suppression. Adopting zero tillage and other conservation tillage practices can enhance soil quality in cropping systems where synthetic agri-chemicals are relied on for crop nutrition and weed control. Attempts have been made to eliminate tillage completely when growing several field crops organically. Vegetative mulch produced by killed cover crops in organic zero tillage systems can suppress annual weeds, but large amounts are needed for adequate early season weed control. Established perennial weeds are not controlled by cover crop mulch. Integrated weed management strategies that include other cultural as well as biological and mechanical controls have potential and need to be incorporated into organic zero tillage research efforts. Market crop performance in organic zero tillage systems has been mixed because of weed, nutrient cycling, and other problems that still must be solved. Soil quality benefits have been demonstrated in comparisons between organic conservation tillage and inversion tillage systems, but studies that include zero tillage treatments are lacking. Research is needed which identifies agronomic strategies for optimum market crop performance, acceptable levels of weed suppression, and soil quality benefits following adoption of organic zero tillage. OPEN ACCESSSustainability 2013, 5 3173

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Section: Current Agronomic Challenges To Commercial Adoption Of Organmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of Organic Zero Tillage Systems on Crops, Weeds, and Soil Quality

2013

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“…Intensive grazing by domestic geese brought large-scale degradation on perennial sandy grasslands and pastures (Török et al 2008(Török et al , 2009). Hermansen et al (2004) suggest that poultry has an impact on the ground vegetation in the outdoor area. Hens remove the weeds and grasses and thereby diminish the need for mechanical weeding.…”

Section: Effects Of Grazingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition and Diversity of Lawn Flora in Differently Managed Village Yards – A Case Study from Southwestern Hungary

et al. 2012

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Traditionally managed village yards have been disappearing from the CentralEuropean countryside. Their lawn flora is likely to provide a unique habitat for many plants that are adapted to this environment. Composition of lawn flora was investigated in differently managed village yards (i.e., regularly mown and regularly trampled yards, poultry yards, paved yards) in southwestern Hungary. The main goal of the study was to detect the impacts of these different management regimes on the composition and diversity of the vegetation. In total, 240 1-m 2 plots were sampled in 60 yards ranging from 80 m 2 to 5000 m 2 . In the redundancy analysis, eight significant variables (degree of southness, slope, age, total size of yards; mowing, trampling and grazing regime; and the number of dogs) explained 16% of the total variation in species data. The most diverse flora across yards was detected in the paved ones, and their stands also proved to be the most compositionally distinctive. In contrast, presence of domestic animals can contribute to local species loss as well as to a decrease in within-yard-type variability. These results highlight the importance of certain anthropogenic disturbances in maintaining high plant diversity, but also underline the crucial role of small-scale land management practices in rural environments.

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“…Associer volailles et production fruitière pré-sente moins de risques, mais les études portant sur ce type de systèmes sont moins nombreuses. Pourtant, intégrer des volailles dans un système agro-forestier présente certains intérêts que ce soit en termes de bienêtre animal ou d'économie de foncier [9] que de contrôle des ravageurs [10,11] et des mauvaises herbes [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Les volailles pour un contrôle biologique des adventices dans les vergers

Lavigne

Dumbardon-Martial

Lavigne³

2012

Fruits

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-Introduction. Because of the humid tropical conditions, weed control is an important and permanent job in the outlay of a fruit producer in the West Indies. The practice of chemical weed control is to date the cheapest, but the recurring use of herbicides in the orchards of Martinique leads to soil erosion and water pollution. To mitigate the use of herbicides, we tested the association of poultry with a productive orchard in order to control the weeds. Materials and methods. The system was installed on a plot of 700 m 2 divided into seven plots of 100 m 2 . Two plots were the control treatments and were mowed with a brush cutter. Each of the other five plots was subjected to five geese grazing for a week, then to 20 chickens grazing during the following week, then the plot was left without poultry for three more weeks. Three cycles of such rotations were observed (4 months). Biomass production by botanical groups (Poaceae, Cyperaceae and others) in the experimental plots was measured each week for four months. A monthly index of recovery by botanical group was noted. Results. The total biomass of the herbaceous cover decreased on grazed plots, which allowed the biological control of weeds for four months. Species diversity decreased because of the selection made by poultry for food and cover was homogenized by the percentage increase in biomass of Cyperaceae in the total biomass. This group, the least palatable for poultry, thus flourished on all plots grazed. Discussion. Poultry grazing, particularly geese, proved to be a promising method for controlling weeds in orchards. However, in the case of a high proportion of unpalatable species in the herbaceous cover, other weed control methods should be combined. The installation of a grass cover composed of a mixture of cover crops adapted to the combination of orchard and poultry as well as better management of the animal rotation should be considered to optimize this technique.Martinique / Psidium guajava / orchards / perennials / cultivation / integrated control / weed control / geese / chickens Les volailles pour un contrôle biologique des adventices dans les vergers.Résumé -Introduction. Du fait des conditions tropicales humides, le contrôle des adventices est un poste important et permanent dans les dépenses d'un producteur de fruits aux Antilles. La pratique du désherbage chimique est à ce jour la plus économique, mais l'utilisation récurrente d'herbicides dans les vergers de la Martinique conduit à une érosion des sols et à une pollution des eaux. Pour pallier l'usage d'herbicides, nous avons testé l'association de volailles à un verger productif afin d'en contrôler l'enherbement. Matériel et méthodes. Le dispositif a été installé sur une parcelle de 700 m 2 subdivisée en sept placettes de 100 m 2 . Deux placettes ont constitué les traitements témoins ; elles ont été fauchées à la débroussailleuse. Chacune des cinq autres placettes a été soumise au pâturage de 5 oies pendant une semaine, puis au pâturage de 20 poulets pendant la semaine suivante, ...

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Integration of organic animal production into land use with special reference to swine and poultry

Cited by 42 publications

References 24 publications

Impacts of Organic Zero Tillage Systems on Crops, Weeds, and Soil Quality

Impacts of Organic Zero Tillage Systems on Crops, Weeds, and Soil Quality

Composition and Diversity of Lawn Flora in Differently Managed Village Yards – A Case Study from Southwestern Hungary

Les volailles pour un contrôle biologique des adventices dans les vergers

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