Integration of Hybrid Biomass-Solar Photovoltaic-Wind turbine in Microgrid Application

Badruhisham, Saidatul Haneen; Hanifah, Mohd Shahrin Abu; Yusoff, Siti Hajar; Hasbullah, Nurul Fadzlin; Yaacob, Mashkuri

doi:10.1109/iccce50029.2021.9467227

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Most GCPV systems are related to the microgrid. The microgrid is a type of electric power distribution system that consists of distributed energy resources (DER), interconnected loads, and various types of the consumer of electrical devices [5], [6]. Microgrids are not only able to supply small electrical devices but are also able to supply the full power needed by the consumer [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) Modeling for Microgrid

Zulkifly

Yusoff

Tumeran

et al. 2023

IIUMEJ

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In the age of technology, microgrids have become well known because of their capability to back up the grid when an unpleasant event is about to occur or during power disruptions, at any time. However, the microgrid will not function well during power disruptions if the controller does not respond fast enough and the BESS will be affected. Many types of controllers can be used for microgrid systems. The controllers may take the form of Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) Controller, Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) Controller, and Model Predictive Controller (MPC). Each of the controllers stated has its functions for the microgrid. However, two controllers that must be considered are PID and MPC. Both controllers will be compared based on their efficiency results which can be obtained through simulations by observing both graphs in charging and discharging states. Most researchers implied that MPC is better than PID because of several factors such as MPC is more robust and stable because of its complexity. Other than that, MPC can handle more inputs and outputs than PID which can cater to one input and output only. Although MPC has many benefits over the PID, still it is not ideal due to its complex algorithm. This work proposed an algorithm of simulations for the MPC to operate to get the best output for microgrid and BESS and compare the performance of MPC with PID. Using Simulink and MATLAB as the main simulation software is a very ideal way to simulate the dynamic performance of MPC. Furthermore, with Simulink, unpredictable variables such as Renewable Energy (RE) sources input and loads demands that are related to MPC can be measured easily. The algorithm of MPC is a cost function. Then the performance of the MPC is calculated using Fast-Fourier Transform (FFT) and Total Harmonic Distortion (THD). Lower THD means a higher power factor, this results in higher efficiency. This paper recorded THD of 9.57% and 12.77% in charging states and 16.51% and 18.15% in discharging states of MPC. Besides, PID recorded THD of 22.10% and 29.73% in charging states and 84.29% and 85.58% in discharging states. All of the recorded THD is below 25% in MPC and it shows a good efficiency while PID’s THD is above 25% shows its inefficiency. ABSTRAK: Pada zaman teknologi, mikrogrid menjadi terkenal kerana keupayaannya untuk menjana kuasa grid apabila kejadian yang tidak menyenangkan bakal berlaku atau ketika terjadinya gangguan kuasa, pada bila-bila masa. Walau bagaimanapun, mikrogrid tidak dapat berfungsi dengan baik semasa gangguan kuasa jika alat kawalan tidak bertindak balas dengan cukup pantas dan BESS akan terjejas. Banyak alat kawalan (pengawal) boleh digunakan bagi keseluruhan sistem mikrogrid. Setiap pengawal adalah berbeza seperti Pengawal Penjejakan Titik Kuasa Maksimum (MPPT), Pengawal Berkadar Terbitan Kamilan (PID) dan Pengawal Model Ramalan (MPC). Setiap pengawal yang dinyatakan mempunyai fungsinya yang tersendiri bagi mikrogrid. Walau bagaimanapun, dua pengawal yang perlu dipertimbangkan adalah PID dan MPC. Kedua-dua pengawal ini akan dibandingkan berdasarkan keputusan kecekapan yang boleh didapati melalui simulasi dengan memerhati kedua-dua graf pada keadaan pengecasan dan nyahcas. Ramai penyelidik menganggap bahawa MPC adalah lebih baik berbanding PID kerana beberapa faktor seperti MPC lebih teguh dan stabil kerana kerumitannya. Selain itu, MPC dapat mengendalikan lebih banyak input dan output berbanding PID yang hanya dapat menyediakan satu input dan output sahaja. Walaupun MPC mempunyai banyak faedah berbanding PID, ianya masih tidak sesuai kerana algoritma yang kompleks. Kajian ini mencadangkan algoritma simulasi bagi MPC beroperasi mendapatkan output terbaik untuk mikrogrid dan BESS dan membandingkan prestasi MPC dengan PID. Perisian simulasi utama yang sangat ideal bagi mensimulasi prestasi dinamik MPC adalah dengan menggunakan Simulink dan MATLAB. Tambahan, dengan Simulink, pembolehubah yang tidak terjangka seperti sumber Tenaga Boleh Diperbaharui (RE) dan permintaan beban yang berkaitan MPC boleh diukur dengan mudah. Algoritma MPC adalah satu fungsi kos. Kemudian prestasi MPC dikira menggunakan Penjelmaan Fourier Pantas (FFT) dan Total Pengherotan Harmonik (THD). THD yang lebih rendah bermakna faktor kuasa meningkat, ini menghasilkan kecekapan yang lebih tinggi. Kajian ini mencatatkan THD sebanyak 9.57% dan 12.77% dalam keadaan mengecas dan 16.51% dan 18.15% dalam keadaan nyahcas oleh MPC. Selain itu, PID mencatatkan THD sebanyak 22.10% dan 29.73% dalam keadaan mengecas dan 84.29% dan 85.58% dalam keadaan nyahcas. Semua THD yang direkodkan adalah di bawah 25% bagi MPC dan ia menunjukkan kecekapan yang baik manakala THD bagi PID adalah melebihi 25% menunjukkan ketidakcekapan.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) Modeling for Microgrid

Zulkifly

Yusoff

Tumeran

et al. 2023

IIUMEJ

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“…A microgrid is an interconnected network of distributed generation (DG), storage devices, and load [2]- [5]. The microgrid can be connected to the grid or operated as offgrid mode [6], [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previously, research on hybrid biomass-solar PV-wind had been conducted, but was only focused on energy management, optimal sizing, and economic analysis [21]- [27]. The researchers in [5] proposed a voltage control of biomass-solar PV-wind microgrid using general parameters from previous research. However, the author(s) did not consider each renewable energy's power output and current THD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the author(s) did not consider each renewable energy's power output and current THD. In this study, Malaysia input was implemented into the same model in [5] with the observation of power output and the THD value of every renewable energy. In addition, the PI controller is also applied as a voltage controller in this system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are seeing that the benefit of the PI controller, such as its simplicity, fast transient response, and ability to produce excellent voltage stability, made it a primary feature from other voltage controls. The hybrid BM-PV-wind microgrid architecture is built based on reference [5], but the input database is on the real Malaysia Meteorological Department (MMD) data. This research aims to implement a Malaysia data case study in a hybrid BM-PV-wind microgrid in off-grid connection and observe the voltage stability with a PI controller by checking the power output, system's voltage, and current THD value.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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PI Controller for Hybrid Biomass- Solar Photovoltaic- Wind in Microgrid: A Case Study of Mersing, Malaysia

et al. 2022

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Renewable energy has become an alternative energy to replace fossil fuels in electric power generation systems to alleviate environmental problems in the future. Alongside the shift to renewable energy, microgrid technology has also evolved to integrate renewable energy into the power generation and distribution system. In addition, the issue of voltage stability is also a vital factor in sustaining microgrids with renewable energy integration to ensure system stability. Reports in earlier studies have included three voltage control methods such as Model Predictive Control (MPC), PI controller, and negative feed-forward voltage control, implemented to ensure voltage stability of hybrid renewable energy microgrids. However, very a few research reports apply voltage control in hybrid biomass (BM)-solar photovoltaic (PV)-wind microgrid, choosing only to focus on energy management, economic analysis, and best sizing. For this reason, this main objective of this paper is integration of hybrid Biomass-Solar Photovoltaic-Wind off-grid microgrid comprising a PI controller as the voltage control of the system based on an actual input database at a location in a small rural town named Mersing in Malaysia. Additionally, this paper also intends to illustrate the implemented efforts to support the voltage stability of the system for the Mersing case study. A PI controller with harmonic filter voltage controller is implemented in this study to reduce the Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) percentage. The average power output for solar, wind, and biomass energy sources were 60kW, 20kW, and 750kW, respectively. Concurrently the measured THD voltage and current at each renewable energy and distribution line show a percentage below 10%. It is thus shown that a hybrid BM-Solar PV-wind microgrid is stable, especially for distribution lines, according to harmonic standards in the electricity supply application book by the local electricity provider Tenaga Nasional Berhad (TNB). Indeed, a PI controller with a harmonic filter has proven as an effective method for controlling the voltage instability in this study.

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Operation Management of Microgrid Supplying to the Residential, Industrial and Commercial Community using Different Demand Response Techniques

Karn

Kakran

2022

2022 4th International Conference on Energy, Power and Environment (ICEPE)

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Integration of Hybrid Biomass-Solar Photovoltaic-Wind turbine in Microgrid Application

Cited by 4 publications

References 15 publications

Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) Modeling for Microgrid

Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) Modeling for Microgrid

PI Controller for Hybrid Biomass- Solar Photovoltaic- Wind in Microgrid: A Case Study of Mersing, Malaysia

Operation Management of Microgrid Supplying to the Residential, Industrial and Commercial Community using Different Demand Response Techniques

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