Integration of carbon allotropes into polydimethylsiloxane to control the electrical conductivity for novel fields of application

Köckritz, Tilo; Jansen, Irene; Beyer, Eckhard

doi:10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2017.12.001

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Thus, to produce innovative material systems with excellent properties, these nanofillers were used as reinforcing agents in the rubber matrix. Graphene has emerged as the mother of all carbon allotropes [ 28 ]. When stacked, few-layer or multilayer graphene (MLG) is formed [ 29 ]; when randomly stacked, different grades of carbon black (CB) are formed [ 30 ]; and when wrapped, single- or multilayer carbon nanotubes result ( Scheme 1 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silicone Rubber Composites Reinforced by Carbon Nanofillers and Their Hybrids for Various Applications: A Review

et al. 2021

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Without fillers, rubber types such as silicone rubber exhibit poor mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties. Carbon black (CB) is traditionally used as a filler in the rubber matrix to improve its properties, but a high content (nearly 60 per hundred parts of rubber (phr)) is required. However, this high content of CB often alters the viscoelastic properties of the rubber composite. Thus, nowadays, nanofillers such as graphene (GE) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are used, which provide significant improvements to the properties of composites at as low as 2–3 phr. Nanofillers are classified as those fillers consisting of at least one dimension below 100 nanometers (nm). In the present review paper, nanofillers based on carbon nanomaterials such as GE, CNT, and CB are explored in terms of how they improve the properties of rubber composites. These nanofillers can significantly improve the properties of silicone rubber (SR) nanocomposites and have been useful for a wide range of applications, such as strain sensing. Therefore, carbon-nanofiller-reinforced SRs are reviewed here, along with advancements in this research area. The microstructures, defect densities, and crystal structures of different carbon nanofillers for SR nanocomposites are characterized, and their processing and dispersion are described. The dispersion of the rubber composites was reported through atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effect of these nanofillers on the mechanical (compressive modulus, tensile strength, fracture strain, Young’s modulus, glass transition), thermal (thermal conductivity), and electrical properties (electrical conductivity) of SR nanocomposites is also discussed. Finally, the application of the improved SR nanocomposites as strain sensors according to their filler structure and concentration is discussed. This detailed review clearly shows the dependency of SR nanocomposite properties on the characteristics of the carbon nanofillers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silicone Rubber Composites Reinforced by Carbon Nanofillers and Their Hybrids for Various Applications: A Review

et al. 2021

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“…They are classified according to their dimensionality (zero-, one-, two-, and three-dimensional particles). Fullerenes are zero-dimensional, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are one-dimensional, monolayer graphene are two-dimensional, and carbon black (CB), graphite (GP), and graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) are three-dimensional [ 80 ]. In Figure 22 [ 81 ], the typical FESEM images of four carbon allotropes are presented.…”

Section: Polymer Composites With a Single Particle Typementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nanotubes can also have different diameters, be open-ended or closed-ended (resembling a very long fullerene), and single-walled or multi-walled (a concentric array of carbon cylinders ~3.4 Å apart is observed), and either of these parameters affects the properties of materials [ 82 ]. When these fillers are used in the fabrication of composites, their aspect ratios affect filler dispersions within the polymer, and particles with a distinct aspect ratio such as CNTs build a stable and interconnected network above the percolation threshold, enabling fast and reproducible changes in the properties [ 80 ]. In contrast, particles with arbitrary aspect ratios such as CB, GP, and GNPs do not build such an interconnected network, and the properties can be changed by only the direct contact of particles.…”

Section: Polymer Composites With a Single Particle Typementioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear Electrical Conduction in Polymer Composites for Field Grading in High-Voltage Applications: A Review

et al. 2021

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Applications of polymeric materials in electrical engineering increasingly require improvements in operating voltages, performance, reliability, and size reduction. However, the resulting increase on the electric field in electrical systems can prevent achieving these goals. Polymer composites, functionalized with conductive or semiconductive particles, can allow us to reduce the electric field, thus grading the field within the system. In this paper, a comprehensive review of field-grading materials, their properties, and recent developments and applications is provided to realize high-performance high-voltage engineering applications.

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Rheological Additives in Different Polymers

Wypych¹

2022

Handbook of Rheological Additives

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Integration of carbon allotropes into polydimethylsiloxane to control the electrical conductivity for novel fields of application

Cited by 6 publications

References 16 publications

Silicone Rubber Composites Reinforced by Carbon Nanofillers and Their Hybrids for Various Applications: A Review

Silicone Rubber Composites Reinforced by Carbon Nanofillers and Their Hybrids for Various Applications: A Review

Nonlinear Electrical Conduction in Polymer Composites for Field Grading in High-Voltage Applications: A Review

Rheological Additives in Different Polymers

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