“…This is illustrated in Fig. 3 by the intensity contours of the 1977 earthquake [19]. The cities in Macedonia were at considerable epicentral distances from this Vrancea earthquake, from 550 to 730 km (Stip -598; Skopje -619; Ohrid -726 km).…”
Section: Appendix B Seismicity Of the Vrancea Source Zonementioning
Keywords:Microzonation maps, which include descriptions of site geology and site soil properties Contribution of a large distant earthquake to the design strong motion amplitudes Computation of seismic hazard for earthquake sources, which follow different attenuation laws A B S T R A C T Seismic microzonation maps for Štip (Macedonia) and its surroundings are presented based on the uniformhazard-spectrum (UHS) methodology. Such mapping satisfies the guidelines for performance-based design (PBD), which requires specification of two sets of spectral amplitudes-one for which the structure will remain essentially linear, and the other for which it will undergo a nonlinear response. The UHS method also enables us to include contributions from excitation by large distant earthquakes as well as the simultaneous effects of site geology and site soils. Thus, the maps we present include, in a balanced way, the effects of near and distant large earthquakes, spatial distribution of seismic activity, the site geology, and the site soil properties.
“…This is illustrated in Fig. 3 by the intensity contours of the 1977 earthquake [19]. The cities in Macedonia were at considerable epicentral distances from this Vrancea earthquake, from 550 to 730 km (Stip -598; Skopje -619; Ohrid -726 km).…”
Section: Appendix B Seismicity Of the Vrancea Source Zonementioning
Keywords:Microzonation maps, which include descriptions of site geology and site soil properties Contribution of a large distant earthquake to the design strong motion amplitudes Computation of seismic hazard for earthquake sources, which follow different attenuation laws A B S T R A C T Seismic microzonation maps for Štip (Macedonia) and its surroundings are presented based on the uniformhazard-spectrum (UHS) methodology. Such mapping satisfies the guidelines for performance-based design (PBD), which requires specification of two sets of spectral amplitudes-one for which the structure will remain essentially linear, and the other for which it will undergo a nonlinear response. The UHS method also enables us to include contributions from excitation by large distant earthquakes as well as the simultaneous effects of site geology and site soils. Thus, the maps we present include, in a balanced way, the effects of near and distant large earthquakes, spatial distribution of seismic activity, the site geology, and the site soil properties.
“…This is illustrated in Fig. 3 by the intensity contours of the 1977 earthquake [28]. The cities in Macedonia were at considerable epicentral distances from this Vrancea earthquake, from 550 to 730 km (Stip -598; …”
Section: Appendix B -Seismicity Of the Vrancea Source Zonementioning
Keywords:Microzonation maps, which include descriptions of site geology and site soil properties Contribution of a large distant earthquake to the design strong motion amplitudes Computation of seismic hazard for earthquake sources, which follow different attenuation laws A B S T R A C T Seismic microzonation maps for Skopje (Macedonia) are presented based on the Uniform-Hazard-Spectrum (UHS) methodology. UHS satisfies the guidelines for performance-based design (PBD), which require specification of two sets of spectral amplitudes, one for which the structure will remain essentially linear, and the other for which it will undergo a nonlinear response. The UHS method also considers the contributions from large distant earthquakes and includes simultaneous effects of site geology and site soils. The maps presented include the effects of near and distant large earthquakes in a balanced way, spatial distribution of seismic activity, site geology, and site soil properties.
“…The database used to perform the regression analysis and to develop the new MIPE consists of ''a unique macroseismic data set for the strongest earthquakes occurring since 1940 in the Vrancea region is constructed by a thorough review of all available sources'' given in Kronrod et al (2013). The dataset of Kronrod et al (2013) consists of 9822 data points (site location and corresponding MSK seismic intensity pairs) collected from Fig.…”
This paper focuses on the development of a macroseismic intensity prediction equation (MIPE), for Vrancea intermediate-depth seismic source, that is able to differentiate between the sites located in the fore-arc and back-arc regions of the Carpathians Mountains. The database consists of more than 9000 observed data points (pairs of sites and macroseismic intensities) for six strong earthquakes originating from Vrancea intermediate-depth seismic source. Throughout this paper, the macroseismic intensities are expressed on MSK scale. The coefficients of the MIPE and the standard deviations of the model are obtained through the maximum likelihood method. The MIPE proposed for Vrancea intermediate-depth seismic source is valid for a magnitude range from M w 6.0 to M w 7.7 and for epicentral distances up to 1000 km in the fore-arc region and up to 800 km in the back-arc region. The inter-and intra-event residuals of the model are investigated, and magnitude and distance scaling are discussed. The predictive results obtained with the proposed MIPE are compared with other results from the literature. In the end, the correlation between the observed values of ground motion amplitudes and macroseismic intensities is discussed. In addition, an empirical relation between ground motion amplitudes and macroseismic intensities is obtained.
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