Integrated Photonic Structure Enhanced Infrared Photodetectors

Abstract

The application fields of infrared photodetectors are quite extensive. Compared with traditional infrared photodetection materials such as IV and III–V semiconductors, newly emerging low‐dimensional materials and quantum materials (e.g., 2D materials and quantum wells) have many advantages in different aspects, such as wide spectral range, low dark current, room temperature operation, and high processing compatibility. However, the performance of photodetectors based on low‐dimensional materials is limited by the ultra small thicknesses, polarization selectivity, and the poor absorption efficiency. Therefore, improving the performance of infrared photodetectors based on low‐dimensional materials has been a focus research task in recent years. The integration of photonic structures can improve the performance of infrared photodetectors, such as enhancing absorption efficiency, reducing the volume of active materials, and increasing polarization selectivity. Herein, different kinds of photonic structure integrated infrared photodetectors, roughly divided into two categories, namely, dielectric photonic structure integrated ones and metallic photonic structure integrated ones, are reviewed. The active materials include 2D materials, quantum wells, quantum dots, and carbon nanotubes.

Scaling infrared detectors—status and outlook

“…Figure 39 summarizes the enhancement of optical response for different photodetectors integrated with the plasmonic structure at resonant wavelength [66]. The collected data are split between common SPP couplers and plasmonic cavity integrated IR detectors.…”

Promoting 2D Material Photodetectors by Optical Antennas beyond Noble Metals

“…In addition, to our knowledge, most of the literature reviews regarding the optical engineering of 2DLM photodetectors have been focused on precious metal optical antennas. [11,23,[112][113][114] There still lacks a comprehensive overview on improving 2DLM photodetectors with non-precious optical antennas. In this review, the advances in non-precious plasmonic optical antennapromoted 2DLM photodetectors, including non-noble metals, doped semiconductors, non-stoichiometric semiconductors, and MXenes (Figure 1), [94,97,100,111] have been systematically summarized to provide an explicit panoramagram.…”