Integrated optical SSB modulator/frequency shifter

Izutsu, Masayuki; Shikama, Shinsuke; Sueta, Tadasi

doi:10.1109/jqe.1981.1070678

Cited by 265 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Nested MZM have also been widely used as a frequency shifter (FS) or single side band suppressed carrier (SSB-SC) modulator [128], [129], [130]. OFCs using a nested MZM as a FS have been rigorously investigated.…”

Section: A Electro-optic Optical Frequency Comb Generatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey of Optical Carrier Generation Techniques for Terabit Capacity Elastic Optical Networks

Imran

Anandarajah

Kaszubowska-Anandarajah

et al. 2018

IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract-Elastic optical networks (EON) have been proposed to meet the network capacity and dynamicity challenges. Hardware and software resource optimization and re-configurability are key enablers for EONs. Recently, innovative multi-carrier transmission techniques have been extensively investigated to realize high capacity (Tb/s) flexible transceivers. In addition to standard telecommunication lasers, optical carrier generators based on optical frequency combs (OFC) have also been considered with expectations of reduced cost and inventory, improved spectral efficiency and flexibility. A wide range of OFC generation techniques have been proposed in the literature over the past few years. It is imperative to summarize the state of the art, compare and assess these diverse techniques from a practical perspective. In this survey, we identify salient features of optical multicarrier generators, review and compare these techniques both from a physical and network layer perspective. OFC demultiplexing/filtering techniques have also been reviewed. In addition to transmission performance, the impact of such sources on the network performance and real-world deployment strategies with reference to cost, power consumption, and level of flexibility have also been discussed. Field trials, integrated solutions, flexibility demonstrations are also reported. Finally, open issues and possible future directions that can lead to real network deployment are highlighted.

show abstract

Section: A Electro-optic Optical Frequency Comb Generatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey of Optical Carrier Generation Techniques for Terabit Capacity Elastic Optical Networks

Imran

Anandarajah

Kaszubowska-Anandarajah

et al. 2018

IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…With an optical input at frequency ω, the field at the output should only consist of odd harmonics at the frequencies ω+nΩ, where n = (-1, 3, -5, 7 …). The amplitude of the sideband at frequency nΩ is described by the Bessel function J n (m), where m = π•U p /(2U π ) denotes the modulation index and U π is the π-voltage of the push-pull MZM [6].…”

Section: Experimental Demonstrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another approach is based on combining the output of two Mach Zehnder modulators (MZM) with a π/2 phase shift, hence realizing a device that acts independently on the in-phase and quadrature component of the optical signal. When driving the two MZM of such an IQ modulator by a sine and a cosine signal, frequency shifting by means of single side band (SSB) modulation can be achieved [5,6]. However, this concept suffers from a trade-off between SMSR and CE: For high SMSR, the MZM need to be driven in the small-signal regime, where the amplitude transmission depends linearly on the applied voltage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Silicon-Organic Hybrid (SOH) Frequency Shifter

Lauermann

Weimann

Knopf

et al. 2014

Optical Fiber Communication Conference

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:We demonstrate a waveguide-based frequency shifter on the silicon-organic hybrid (SOH) platform, enabling frequency shifts up to 10 GHz. Spurious side-modes are suppressed by more than 23 dB using temporal shaping of the drive signal. IntroductionIntegrated electro-optic frequency shifters are key elements for various applications such as interferometric metrology and are also highly interesting for optical communications [1,2]. Currently, acousto-optic modulators (AOM) are used for frequency shifting, providing high side-mode suppression ratio (SMSR) and conversion efficiency (CE). However, operation frequencies of these devices are limited, and integration into planar waveguide circuits proves to be difficult, especially when material systems with vanishing second-order nonlinearities such as silicon-on-insulator (SOI) are to be used as an integration platform. On the other hand, waveguide-based phase modulators are standard building blocks in silicon photonics. Serrodyne frequency shifters can be realized by driving a single phase modulator with a sawtooth signal, but this concept poses stringent requirements on the electrical drive signal to obtain large SMSR and good CE [3]. A serrodyne frequency shifter has recently been demonstrated on the silicon photonic platform [4], resulting in a remarkable SMSR of 39 dB, while the frequency shift was limited to 1 kHz due to the speed of the deployed thermo-optic phase shifters. Another approach is based on combining the output of two Mach Zehnder modulators (MZM) with a π/2 phase shift, hence realizing a device that acts independently on the in-phase and quadrature component of the optical signal. When driving the two MZM of such an IQ modulator by a sine and a cosine signal, frequency shifting by means of single side band (SSB) modulation can be achieved [5,6]. However, this concept suffers from a trade-off between SMSR and CE: For high SMSR, the MZM need to be driven in the small-signal regime, where the amplitude transmission depends linearly on the applied voltage. High CE, on the other hand, requires large signals to drive the device to maximum transmission, but comes along with spurious side-modes in the optical spectrum due to the nonlinear transfer function of the MZM. Moreover, SSB modulation with high SMSR is hard to achieve with state-of-the-art silicon photonic devices: Current phase modulators are based on free-carrier dispersion in SOI waveguides, which leads to an inherent coupling of amplitude and phase modulation and thereby also generates unwanted side-modes.In this paper, we demonstrate that SSB frequency shifters can be realized on the silicon photonic platform. We use silicon-organic hybrid (SOH) phase modulators that combine SOI slot waveguides with electro-optic (EO) organic materials, thereby enabling efficient and broadband phase modulation without introducing unwanted amplitude-phase coupling [7,8]. Using SOH phase modulators of only 1 mm length, we demonstrate frequency shifting of up to 10 GHz. Furthermore we introduce a concept...

show abstract

“…In the high-extinction ratio lithium niobate (LiNbO 3 ) Mach-Zehnder intensity modulator (Izutsu et al (1977), Izutsu et al (1981), Kawanishi et al (2006), Kawanishi et al (2004a), Kawanishi et al (2004b), Kawanishi et al (2007), Onillon et al (2005), Vegas et al (2003)), the optical frequency difference between two optical signals is exactly twice (or four times) the modulation frequency, and the output signal is equivalent to FSK (frequency shift keying) spectrum. Compared to the optical phase lock scheme, the Mach-Zehnder modulator (shown in Fig.…”

Section: Photonic Millimeter-wave Generatormentioning

confidence: 99%