Integrated optic polymeric components fabricated with microstructured strip-off covers

Nonlinear Optical Properties and Chromophore Electrostatic Interactions for the Poly(ether ketone) Guest−Host Polymer Films

“…The absorption spectra (shown in Figure 3) of the above poled polymer films were measured by using a HITACHI 340 recording spectrophotometer. The second-order NLO coefficient χ 33 (2) of the poled polymer films was measured with the Maker fringe method by using the experimental setup shown in Figure 4. The polarized beam of a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser (λ ) 1.064 µm) at a 10 Hz repetition rate, 150-200 mJ per 10 ns pulse, was focused on the sample with incident angle θ.…”

“…18,19 By taking the absorption into effect, Herman and Hayden presented a new formulation of the transmitted SHG power. 19 When the fundamental beam is linearly polarized parallel to the plane of incidence and monitoring only the component of the second-harmonic signal that is similarly polarized, the transmitted SHG power can be written as (neglecting birefringence) 19 where ω and 2ω correspond to the fundamental and second-harmonic frequencies, respectively; P ω and P 2ω are the optical powers of the fundamental and SHG signals, respectively; A is the cross-sectional area of fundamental beam; χ (2) is the appropriate second-order NLO coefficient; L is the thickness of the sample; λ ) 1.064 µm; and t af (lγ) , t fs (2p) , and t sa (2p) are Fresnel transmission coefficients…”

“…Considering the relationship χ 33 (2) ) 3χ 31 (2) for the investigated polymer materials, the projection factor P(θ) can be given as δ ω , δ 2ω , and χ can be expressed as (see Appendix of where κ ω and κ 2ω are the extinction coefficients of the polymer thin films at frequency ω and 2ω, respectively. And ψ can be expressed as The thin films were scanned over a range of θ ) (60°w ith respect to the direction of the fundamental beam.…”

“…The dispersion of the refractive index in Figure 5 was obtained by fitting the measured indices (by using the prism-coupler waveguide method) to the Sellmeyer equation. Then the NLO coefficient χ 33 (2) of each polymer film can be calculated by using eqs 1-8 and calibrating the experiment with a Y-cut quartz reference sample. The measured results of the NLO coefficient χ 33 (2) for the investigated polymer films are shown in Figure 6, where N is the number density of the chromophore DCNP in the polymer film and can be related to the weight percent Φ of DCNP by 21 where N A is Avogadro's number, M w is the molecular weight of the chromophore DCNP, and F c and F p are the densities of the guest chromophore DCNP and host…”

“…Their secondorder NLO properties were investigated by using insitu second-harmonic-generation (SHG) signal measurement. A large second-order NLO coefficient χ 33 (2) ) 142.5 × 10 -12 m/V was obtained when the doped percent of DCNP is 40 wt % in the DCNP/PEK-c polymer system. However, when the doped percent of DCNP is above 40 wt %, the second-order NLO coefficient decreases with the doped concentration increasing.…”