Intake of artificially sweetened soft drinks and risk of preterm delivery: a prospective cohort study in 59,334 Danish pregnant women

Halldórsson, Thorhallur I.; Strøm, Marin; Petersen, Susanne; Olsen, Sjúrður F.

doi:10.3945/ajcn.2009.28968

Cited by 111 publications

(136 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Longitudinal studies on diet across the transition to motherhood find that women report changes both in beverage intake and drinking behaviour (14,15) . Much of the research on beverage consumption during pregnancy has focused on specific types of drinks (5)(6)(7)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27) or has been part of studies on nutrition during pregnancy (15,(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33) . Few, if any, studies have looked specifically at a broader range of beverage intake from pre-pregnancy to early pregnancy.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in beverage consumption from pre-pregnancy to early pregnancy in the Norwegian Fit for Delivery study

Skreden

Bere

Sagedal

et al. 2014

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: To describe changes in consumption of different types of beverages from pre-pregnancy to early pregnancy, and to examine associations with maternal age, educational level and BMI. Design: Cross-sectional design. Participants answered an FFQ at inclusion into a randomized controlled trial, the Fit for Delivery (FFD) trial, in median gestational week 15 (range: 9-20), reporting current consumption and in retrospect how often they drank the different beverages pre-pregnancy. Setting: Eight local antenatal clinics in southern Norway from September 2009 to February 2013. Subjects: Five hundred and seventy-five healthy pregnant nulliparous women. Results: Pre-pregnancy, 27 % reported drinking alcohol at least once weekly, compared with none in early pregnancy (P < 0·001). The percentage of women drinking coffee (38 % v. 10 %, P < 0·001), sugar-sweetened beverages (10 % v. 6 %, P = 0·011) and artificially sweetened beverages (12 % v. 9 %, P = 0·001) at least daily decreased significantly from pre-pregnancy to early pregnancy, while the percentage of women who reported to drink water (85 % v. 92 %, P < 0·001), fruit juice (14 % v. 20 %, P = 0·001) and milk (37 % v. 42 %, P = 0·001) at least daily increased significantly. From pre-pregnancy to early pregnancy higher educated women reduced their consumption frequency of coffee significantly more than women with lower education. Older women reduced their consumption frequency of coffee and artificially sweetened beverages and increased their consumption frequency of fruit juice and milk significantly more than younger women. Conclusions: There is a significant change in beverage consumption from pre-pregnancy to early pregnancy among Norwegian nulliparous women.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in beverage consumption from pre-pregnancy to early pregnancy in the Norwegian Fit for Delivery study

Skreden

Bere

Sagedal

et al. 2014

Public Health Nutr.

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“…A likely mechanism may be that rapid uptake of sugar results in glycemic spikes which, if occurring frequently, may decrease vascular function by inducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction (Node & Inoue, 2009). In other circumstances, intake of soft drinks with sugar has also been negatively associated with vascular function in terms of elevated blood pressure and increased risks of coronary heart disease (Brown et al, 2011, Huang, Huang, Tian, Yang, & Gu, 2014), preeclampsia (Borgen et al, 2012; Clausen et al, 2001), and preterm delivery in some (Englund‐Ogge et al, 2012, Petherick, Goran, & Wright, 2014), but not in another study (Halldorsson, Strom, Petersen, & Olsen, 2010). Women who exercise little or smoke may be more vulnerable to such effects (Di Francescomarino, Sciartilli, Di Valerio, Di Baldassarre, & Gallina, 2009, Gordon, Lavoie, Arsenault, Ditto, & Bacon, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Artificially sweetened beverages have been associated with increased risk of premature birth (Englund‐Ogge et al, 2012; Halldorsson et al, 2010). Our finding of a statistically significant negative association between artificially sweetened beverages and BW may support such a relationship.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is consumption of sugar‐sweetened soft drinks during pregnancy associated with birth weight?

Grundt

Eide

Brantsæter

et al. 2016

Maternal & Child Nutrition

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In Norway, there were parallel increases and subsequent decreases in birth weight (BW) and consumption of sugar‐sweetened carbonated soft drinks (SSC) during the period 1990–2010, and by an ecological approach, we have suggested that the relationship was causal. The objective of this study was to examine if such a relationship was present in a prospectively followed cohort of pregnant women. The study population included 62,494 term singleton mother–infant dyads in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa), a national prospective cohort study in Norway from 1999 to 2008. The association between SSC consumption and BW was assessed using multiple regression analyses with adjustment for potential confounders. Each 100 ml intake of SSC was associated with a 7.8 g (95% confidence interval [CI]: −10.3 to −5.3) decrease in BW, a decreased risk of BW > 4,500 g (odds ratio [OR]: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.90 to 0.97) and a near significantly increased risk of BW < 2,500 g (OR: 1.05, 95% CI: 0.99 to 1.10). The negative association with SSC consumption was aggravated by smoking, lack of exercise, and obesity. For mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus, we observed an increased risk of BW > 4,500 g (OR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.00 to 1.39) and a trend towards significant increase in mean BW (25.1 g, 95% CI: −2.0 to 52.2) per 100 ml SSC. Our findings suggest that increasing consumption of rapidly absorbed sugar from SSC had opposite associations with BW in normal pregnancies and pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus.

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“…Following a request from the European Commission, the European Food Safety Authority was asked to deliver a scientific statement on a carcinogenicity study in mice with transplacental exposure to aspartame, as reported by Soffritti et al (2010), and on a prospective cohort study on the association between intakes of sugar-sweetened and artificially sweetened soft drinks and preterm delivery in pregnant women, as reported by Halldorsson et al (2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statement of EFSA on the scientific evaluation of two studies related to the safety of artificial sweeteners

2011

EFS2

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The European Food Safety Authority was asked to provide scientific advice on two studies, namely a carcinogenicity study in mice (Soffritti et al., 2010) and a prospective cohort study on the association between intakes of artificially sweetened soft drinks and preterm delivery (Halldorsson et al., 2010) and to conclude on the need to revise previous evaluations of aspartame or of the other sweeteners authorised in the European Union. The study by Soffritti et al. (2010) is a long‐term carcinogenicity study in mice with transplacental exposure to the artificial sweetener aspartame. The authors concluded that, based on their results, aspartame induces cancer in the livers and lungs of male Swiss mice. EFSA has evaluated this carcinogenicity study and has concluded that, on the basis of the information available in the publication, the validity of the study and its statistical approach cannot be assessed and that its results cannot be interpreted. Furthermore, in view of the generally recognised lack of relevance for human risk assessment of the type of tumours observed in Swiss mice when they are induced by non‐genotoxic compounds, EFSA concluded that the results presented in Soffritti et al. (2010) do not provide a sufficient basis to reconsider the previous evaluations by EFSA on aspartame. Halldorsson et al. (2010) investigated preterm delivery in a cohort of 59 334 pregnant women. The authors concluded that their results show an association between intake of artificially sweetened soft drinks and preterm delivery in the cohort. EFSA assessed this study and concluded that there is no evidence available to support a causal relationship between the consumption of artificially sweetened soft drinks and preterm delivery and that additional studies are required to reject or confirm an association. Overall, EFSA concluded that the information available from the Soffritti et al. (2010) and Halldorsson et al. (2010) publications do not give reason to reconsider the previous evaluations of aspartame or of other food additive sweeteners authorised in the European Union.

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Intake of artificially sweetened soft drinks and risk of preterm delivery: a prospective cohort study in 59,334 Danish pregnant women

Abstract: Daily intake of artificially sweetened soft drinks may increase the risk of preterm delivery. Further studies are needed to reject or confirm these findings.

Cited by 111 publications

References 31 publications

Changes in beverage consumption from pre-pregnancy to early pregnancy in the Norwegian Fit for Delivery study

Changes in beverage consumption from pre-pregnancy to early pregnancy in the Norwegian Fit for Delivery study

Is consumption of sugar‐sweetened soft drinks during pregnancy associated with birth weight?

Statement of EFSA on the scientific evaluation of two studies related to the safety of artificial sweeteners

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