Intake, digestibility and nutrients supply to wethers fed ryegrass and intraruminally infused with levels of Acacia mearnsii tannin extract

Kozloski, Gilberto Vilmar; Härter, Carla Joice; Hentz, Fernanda; Ávila, Suélen; Orlandi, Tiago; Stefanello, Cristiano Miguel

doi:10.1016/j.smallrumres.2012.06.005

Cited by 32 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The reduction of supplement ingestion resulting from the inclusion of Acacia mearnsii tannin extract has been previously reported by other authors (GRIFFITHS et al, 2013). Tannins have also been associated with a reduction in ruminal degradation of organic matter (OM) KOZLOSKI et al, 2012), and proteins and fibrous carbohydrates . The fibrous carbohydrates that escape from ruminal fermentation have low post-ruminal digestibility, causing a reduction in the consumption of the digestible OM and of liquid energy per kg of ingested DM.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Energy and tannin extract supplementation for dairy cows on annual winter pastures

Alves

Dias

Dallastra

et al. 2017

SCA

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Energy supplementation can increase the consumption of metabolizable energy and substrate for microbial growth, while condensed tannins aid in increasing the duodenal flow of metabolizable proteins. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of energy supplementation and the inclusion of tannin extract (TE) from Acacia mearnsii (Weibull Black, Tanac S. A., Montenegro, Brazil) on the production performance of dairy cows grazing on winter pastures. Nine multiparous Holstein cows in mid lactation were distributed in a 3 × 3 Latin square experimental design over three periods of 28 days (21 adaptation and 7 sampling). The treatments were: without supplementation (WS), supplementation with 4 kg of corn grain (CG), and corn grain + 80 g of tannin extract (TE). The dry matter (DM) intake from pastures was similar among treatments, but the consumption of DM of the supplement was higher in the CG treatment than that in the TE treatment. The total DM intake was higher for the supplemented animals (17.3 kg·day -1 ) than that for the unsupplemented animals (14.9 kg·day -1 ) and in the TE treatment (17.7 kg·day -1 ) than in the CG treatment (16.7 kg day -1 ). Milk production increased from the unsupplemented to the supplemented animals (20.9 to 23.5 kg, respectively), while the content of urea N in the milk decreased (12.6 to 10.5 mg·100 mL -1 , respectively). There were no differences in milk production or content of milk urea N between the CG and TE treatments. Energy supplementation is a tool for improving the nutritional profile and the performance of dairy cows in mid lactation grazing on annual winter pastures, while tannin extract aids in improving the energy balance.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The tannin extract was characterized by maintaining total tannins at a concentration of 694 g·kg -1 DM (KOZLOSKI et al, 2012). The cows were distributed in a 3 × 3 Latin square design for three periods of 28 days (21 for adaptation and 7 for collection).…”

Section: Treatments and Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy and tannin extract supplementation for dairy cows on annual winter pastures

Alves

Dias

Dallastra

et al. 2017

SCA

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“…Moreover, Carulla et al (2005) and Kozloski et al . (2012) reported that supplementing the Acacia tannin extract at rates varying from 20 to 60 g/kg of diet DM for sheep fed ryegrass reduced urinary N excretion but also reduced OM digestibility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of a tannin extract on digestibility, ruminal fermentation and duodenal flow of amino acids in steers fed maize silage and concentrate containing soybean meal or canola meal as protein source

et al. 2015

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Four Holstein steers (297 ± 56 kg of body weight (BW)) fitted with duodenal cannula and rumen catheter, were housed in metabolism cages and used in a 4 × 4 Latin Square trial to evaluate the effect of both protein source and Acacia mearnsii tannin extract on digestibility, ruminal fermentation, rumen microbial protein synthesis, N utilization and on duodenal flow of individual amino acids. The diet was offered at restricted amount of 25 g of dry matter (DM)/kg BW and consisted of maize silage plus concentrate, in a proportion of 0·7:0·3 (DM basis) respectively. Concentrate was formulated with either soybean meal or canola meal as protein source, with or without 50 g/ kg of A. mearnsii tannin extract (i.e. 15 g/kg of total dietary DM). There was no effect of protein source on most variables. The apparent and true organic matter (OM) digestibilities, as well as neutral detergent fibre (NDF) digestibility were negatively affected by tannin extract inclusion without, however, affecting digestible OM intake. The amount of nitrogen (N) excreted in faeces increased whereas the urinary N excretion decreased in tannin extract treatments. No interaction time × treatment was detected for any rumen variable and no treatment effect was observed for rumen fluid pH and reducing sugars concentration. Rumen fluid concentration of ammonia N was lower for the canola meal plus tannin extract treatment. Rumen concentration of α-amino compounds was not affected by tannin extract but was higher when canola meal was the protein source. The duodenal flow of OM, total N, α-amino N and non-ammonia non-microbial N increased with tannin extract inclusion, whereas the duodenal flow of microbial N was not affected by treatment. For both protein sources, the amount of most individual amino acids flowing to the duodenum increased due to tannin extract addition. In conclusion, the dietary inclusion of 15 g/kg DM of tannin extract from A. mearnsii improved the amino acid supply independently of whether the protein source was canola meal or soybean meal, without affecting the amino acid profile, to steers fed maize silage plus concentrate, with a minor but significant impact on OM digestibility.

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“…In this diet, the correlation between Nfc and OMD was not significant, whereas a high correlation was observed between Nmetfc and OMD. Tannins form complexes with protein, what usually results in a shift of N excretion from urine to faeces and increases the neutral detergent insoluble fraction in faeces (Makkar, ; Kozloski et al., ). Schlecht and Susenbeth () also observed that the Nfc might overestimate diet digestibility of cattle and small ruminants if faecal N increases due antinutritional dietary factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Faecal nitrogen excretion as an approach to estimate forage intake of wethers

Kozloski

Oliveira

Poli

et al. 2013

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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Data from twenty-two digestibility trials were compiled to examine the relationship between faecal N concentration and organic matter (OM) digestibility (OMD), and between faecal N excretion and OM intake (OMI) by wethers fed tropical or temperate forages alone or with supplements. Data set was grouped by diet type as follows: only tropical grass (n = 204), only temperate grass (n = 160), tropical grass plus supplement (n = 216), temperate grass plus supplement (n = 48), tropical grass plus tropical legume (n = 60) and temperate grass with ruminal infusion of tannins (n = 16). Positive correlation between OMD and either total faecal N concentration (Nfc, % of OM) or metabolic faecal N concentration (Nmetfc, % of OM) was significant for most diet types. Exceptions were the diet that included a tropical legume, where both relationships were negative, and the diet that included tannin extract, where the correlation between OMD and Nfc was not significant. Pearson correlation and linear regressions between OM intake (OMI, g/day) and faecal N excretion (Nf, g/day) were significant for all diet types. When OMI was estimated from the OM faecal excretion and Nfc-based OMD values, the linear comparison between observed and estimated OMI values showed intercept different from 0 and slope different from 1. When OMI was estimated using the Nf-based linear regressions, the linear comparison between observed and estimated OMI values showed neither intercept different from 0 nor slope different from 1. Both linear comparisons showed similar R(2) values (i.e. 0.78 vs. 0.79). In conclusion, linear equations are suitable for directly estimating OM intake by wethers, fed only forage or forage plus supplements, from the amount of N excreted in faeces. The use of this approach in experiments with grazing wethers has the advantage of accounting for individual variations in diet selection and digestion processes and precludes the use of techniques to estimate forage digestibility.

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Intake, digestibility and nutrients supply to wethers fed ryegrass and intraruminally infused with levels of Acacia mearnsii tannin extract

Cited by 32 publications

References 29 publications

Energy and tannin extract supplementation for dairy cows on annual winter pastures

Energy and tannin extract supplementation for dairy cows on annual winter pastures

Impact of a tannin extract on digestibility, ruminal fermentation and duodenal flow of amino acids in steers fed maize silage and concentrate containing soybean meal or canola meal as protein source

Faecal nitrogen excretion as an approach to estimate forage intake of wethers

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