Insulin responsiveness to glucose and tissue responsiveness to insulin during lactation in dairy cows

Sano, Hiroaki; Narahara, Sayoko; Kondo, Tsuyoshi; Takahashi, Akira; Terashima, Yoshiaki

doi:10.1016/0739-7240(93)90023-5

Cited by 49 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In support of this, pancreatic insulin secretion in response to glucose and propionate infusions is greater in non-lactating cows than in lactating cows (Lomax et al, 1979). Similarly, Sano et al (1993) used a hyperglycemic clamp to demonstrate that the increase in circulating insulin concentrations in response to glucose infusion is reduced in lactating compared to non-lactating cows. Staufenbiel et al (1992) concluded that flow of metabolites to the mammary gland in early lactation was supported by both reduced pancreatic response to insulinotropic stimuli and decreased responsiveness of peripheral cells to insulin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Responses of North American and New Zealand strains of Holstein–Friesian dairy cattle to homeostatic challenges during early and mid-lactation

Patton

Murphy

O’Mara

et al. 2009

Animal

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This study investigated the physiological basis of differences in nutrient partitioning between the North American (NA) and New Zealand (NZ) strains of Holstein-Friesian cattle by determining the responses to homeostatic challenges at two stages of lactation. Glucose tolerance tests, epinephrine challenges and insulin challenges were carried out on consecutive days commencing on day 32 6 0.48 (mean 6 s.e.) of lactation (T1) and again commencing on day 137 6 2.44 of lactation (T2). The insulin and non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) responses to glucose infusion did not differ between the strains. The NZ strain had a greater clearance rate (CR) of glucose (2.04% v. 1.66%/min) and tended to have a shorter (34.4 v. 41.1 min) glucose half-life (t 1 2 ) at T2 when infused with glucose. The NA cows had a greater glucose response to epinephrine infusion across T1 and T2, and tended to have a greater insulin response to epinephrine infusion. Plasma NEFA concentration declined to similar nadir concentrations for both strains at T1 in response to insulin, though from a higher basal concentration in NA cows, resulting in a greater (22.29 v. 21.38) NEFA area under the response curve for NA cows. Glucose response to insulin varied with time, tending to be greater for NA at T1, but tending to be lower for NA at T2. The results indicated that NA cows had a greater glycogenolytic response to epinephrine, but both strains had similar lipolytic responses. The results also imply that higher basal circulating NEFA concentrations in the NA strain in early lactation were not due to diminished adipose tissue responsiveness to insulin. There were indications that glucose CR was greater in NZ cows in mid-lactation, and may form the basis of increased body tissue accretion during mid-to late-lactation in this strain.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Responses of North American and New Zealand strains of Holstein–Friesian dairy cattle to homeostatic challenges during early and mid-lactation

Patton

Murphy

O’Mara

et al. 2009

Animal

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“…During late gestation and early lactation, flow of nutrients to fetus and mammary tissues is accorded a high degree of metabolic priority (Baird 1981). This priority coincides with lowered responsiveness and sensitivity of extrahepatic tissues to insulin (Kronfeld 1982;Sano et al 1991Sano et al , 1993Nieuwenhuizen et al 1997Nieuwenhuizen et al , 1998, which presumably plays a key role in development of hepatic lipidosis and ketosis (Holstenius 1993;Steen et al 1997). In a recent study by Holtenius et al (2003), it was reported that plasma glucose disappearance rate, thereby effectiveness and concentration of insulin, was related to feeding regimen offered during the prefresh transition period of cows fed to consume 6, 9, and 14.5 kg DM.…”

Section: Metabolic Profile Of Periparturient Dairy Cattlementioning

confidence: 99%

Factors affecting dry matter intake prepartum in relationship to etiology of peripartum lipid-related metabolic disorders: A review

Hayırlı¹,

Grummer

2004

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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Hayirli, A. and Grummer, R. R. 2004. Factors affecting dry matter intake prepartum in relationship to etiology of peripartum lipid-related metabolic disorders: A review. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 84: 337-347. Transition from gestation to lactation is a tremendous challenge for dairy cattle and requires metabolic and hormonal adjustments. The periparturient period, particularly the last week of gestation, is characterized by a dramatic decline (20 to 40%) in dry matter intake (DMI) prior to parturition and a slow rate of increase in DMI after parturition. As a result of negative energy balance during the periparturient period, excessive fat mobilization in adipose tissue and inability of disposing fatty acids (FA) via β-oxidation and exporting triglyceride (TG) as very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) in the liver cause hepatic lipidosis. Controlling hepatic lipidosis, therefore, depends on either limiting non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) uptake by the liver or increasing oxidation of FA and export of TG by the liver, or both. Results of studies regarding lipid metabolism in the liver to minimize lipidosis are controversial. Thus, until factor(s) limiting hepatic VLDL-TG export are identified, limiting fat mobilization from adipose tissue will play a key role in prevention of hepatic lipidosis and ketosis. Depression in DMI prior to parturition shifts metabolism from anabolism to catabolism. Animal factors such as parity and body condition score and dietary factors such as density of organic nutrients influence DMI. Particularly, increasing energy density of the transition cow diet, without causing acidosis, by supplemental nonstructural carbohydrate (NFC) increases DMI and serum insulin concentration, which suppress lipolysis in adipose tissue and favors anabolic status. In summary, level of DMI and magnitude of DMI depression prior to parturition are linked to the etiology of postpartum lipid-related metabolic disorders. Thus, easing transition from gestation to lactation by offering high dietary NFC in consideration with other factors allows cows to produce more milk, become healthier, and be rebred sooner during postpartum.Key words: Periparturient dairy cattle, dry matter intake, hepatic lipidosis, ketosis Hayirli, A. et Grummer, R. R. 2004. Paramètres affectant l'ingestion de matière sèche avant le vêlage et leurs liens avec l'é-tiologie des troubles peripartum du métabolisme des lipides. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 84: 337-347. Le passage de la gestation à la lactation est une dure épreuve pour les vaches laitières et exige certains ajustements métaboliques et hormonaux. La période entourant la mise bas, en particulier la dernière semaine de gestation, se caractérise par une chute draconienne (de 20 à 40 %) de l'ingestion de matière sèche (IMS) suivie par la lente remontée de cette dernière après le vêlage. À cause du bilan énergétique négatif survenant peu avant la mise bas, une mobilisation excessive des graisses dans les tissus adipeux et l'incapacité d'éliminer les acides gras par β-oxydation et d'exporter les trigly...

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“…Glucose was increased (P < 0.01) and NEFA was decreased 14 (P < 0.05) in response to a PPG drench postpartum, but not prepartum. 15 In blood samples collected at 1200 h through the transition period (3 h before daily 16 drenching), prepartum insulin concentrations were initially lower at about d 10 17…”

Section: Hormones Metabolites and Liver Triglyceridesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Balance, Metabolic Status, and the First Postpartum Ovarian Follicle Wave in Cows Administered Propylene Glycol

Butler¹,

Pelton

Butler

2006

Journal of Dairy Science

115

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Insulin responsiveness to glucose and tissue responsiveness to insulin during lactation in dairy cows

Cited by 49 publications

References 24 publications

Responses of North American and New Zealand strains of Holstein–Friesian dairy cattle to homeostatic challenges during early and mid-lactation

Responses of North American and New Zealand strains of Holstein–Friesian dairy cattle to homeostatic challenges during early and mid-lactation

Factors affecting dry matter intake prepartum in relationship to etiology of peripartum lipid-related metabolic disorders: A review

Energy Balance, Metabolic Status, and the First Postpartum Ovarian Follicle Wave in Cows Administered Propylene Glycol

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