Energy Balance, Metabolic Status, and the First Postpartum Ovarian Follicle Wave in Cows Administered Propylene Glycol

Butler, Stephanie; Pelton, Susanne H.; Butler, Walter

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(06)72566-8

Cited by 115 publications

(105 citation statements)

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“…In addition, more heifers in this treatment ovulated the first postpartum dominant follicle, as indicated by the rise in progesterone concentration before 21 DIM (Kawashima et al, 2006). It is well-established that cows ovulating during the first postpartum follicular wave have higher serum IGF-I concentration in the prepartum and postpartum periods (Butler et al, 2006;Kawashima et al, 2007). In this study, heifers treated with somatotropin had higher IGF-I concentration in the prepartum period, but not in the postpartum period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…Heifers were treated with 500 mg of recombinant bovine somatotropin at weeks 25 and 23 from calving. than anovulatory cows (Butler et al, 2006). The increased ovulation rate is probably due to positive effects of insulin on steroidogenesis (Butler et al, 2004) via amplification of gonadotropin action (Spicer and Echternkamp, 1995).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Elevated plasma concentration of IGF-I is beneficial because it acts as a modulator of gonadotropin action in the ovary, stimulating granulosa and theca cell proliferation and differentiation (Armstrong and Webb, 1997) and preventing follicular atresia (el-Roeiy et al, 1994). Dairy cows that ovulated the first postpartum dominant follicle had higher serum IGF-I concentration in the prepartum and postpartum periods (Butler et al, 2006;Kawashima et al, 2007). However, somatotropin injection starting at 10 days post partum had no effect on the interval from calving to first ovulation (Carriquiry et al, 2009a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of prepartum somatotropin injection in late-pregnant Holstein heifers on metabolism, milk production and postpartum resumption of ovulation

Schneider

Schwegler

Montagner

et al. 2012

Animal

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The aim of this study was to determine the effect of prepartum somatotropin injection in late-pregnant Holstein heifers on metabolism, milk production and resumption of postpartum ovulation. For this study, 31 late-pregnant Holstein heifers were used. The heifers were assigned randomly into two treatments: (1) 500 mg sc injections of somatotropin (somatotropin treatment, n 5 15) at 235 and 221 days, and, if pertinent, at 27 days from expected calving date and (2) no treatment (control group, n 5 16). Blood samples were collected weekly from 25 to 7 weeks after calving. Heifers with progesterone concentrations in plasma above 1 ng/ml in two consecutive postpartum samples were considered as having resumed ovarian activity. A higher proportion (P 5 0.04) of heifers treated with somatotropin resumed ovarian activity in the first 7 weeks post partum (73.3%; 11/15) compared with the control group (37.5%; 6/16). A higher number (P 5 0.02) of heifers in the somatotropin treatment group also ovulated during the first postpartum follicular wave (53.3%; 8/15) compared with the control group (12.5%; 2/16), as indicated by the number of heifers ovulating in the first 3 weeks post partum. Pregnancy rate was not affected by treatments (P . 0.10) and averaged 40.0% (6/15) in somatotropin-treated and 25.0% (4/16) in control heifers when evaluated up to 150 days in milk. Somatotropin treatment increased the average daily milk production by 2.8 kg/cow per day (P , 0.0001) and reduced the somatic cell count (P 5 0.009). Plasma IGF-I was higher (P , 0.05) for somatotropin-treated heifers in the prepartum period. Insulin and body condition score were higher (P , 0.05) and non-esterified fatty acids were lower (P , 0.05) for somatotropin-treated cows in the early postpartum period. In conclusion, somatotropin injection during the prepartum period in late-pregnant Holstein heifers was able to increase the proportion of heifers resuming ovarian activity early post partum, inspite of higher milk production.Keywords: bST, dairy heifers, IGF-I, ovarian activity, primiparous ImplicationsPhysiological changes during the transition period can have a great impact on health and performance. In our study, prepartum injection of somatotropin reduced negative energy balance (NEB) intensity as indicated by several metabolic markers evaluated in the postpartum period. A more intense NEB is usually associated with a delay in resumption of normal ovarian function. In this way, we observed a higher proportion of somatotropin-treated heifers ovulating earlier.Moreover, cows treated with somatotropin prepartum increased milk production. Along with earlier resumption of estrous cycles, this strategy can have an important impact on farm profitability. IntroductionDuring the early postpartum period, high-producing cows experience a period of negative energy balance (NEB) that occurs as the requirements for milk production exceed the -E-mail: augusto.schneider@live.com 935 energy obtained through feeding (Butler, 2003). In early postpartum dairy cows, the du...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effect of prepartum somatotropin injection in late-pregnant Holstein heifers on metabolism, milk production and postpartum resumption of ovulation

Schneider

Schwegler

Montagner

et al. 2012

Animal

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“…As part of a large study examining the effects of treatment with propylene glycol (a glucogenic precursor) during the interval from late pregnancy through early lactation, multiparous Holstein cows (n = 56) were monitored from day -21 to day 30 relative to parturition (15). Nine cows with ovulatory and nine with non-ovulatory (atretic) first postpartum follicle waves were randomly selected for further analysis.…”

Section: All Experimental Procedures Were Approved By the Cornell Unimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The only provisions 60 placed on cows selected were that none of the animals selected suffered any clinical illness or metabolic disorder during the experimental period, and that the cows with non-ovulatory follicles did not exhibit a preovulatory-style rise in circulating estradiol concentrations. The restriction on using only cows that did not exhibit a preovulatory-style rise in circulating estradiol was imposed because most cows with atretic follicles during the first postpartum follicle wave have low 65 circulating estradiol concentrations throughout the period of dominant follicle development (15).…”

Section: All Experimental Procedures Were Approved By the Cornell Unimentioning

confidence: 99%

Follicle-stimulating hormone isoforms and plasma concentrations of estradiol and inhibin A in dairy cows with ovulatory and non-ovulatory follicles during the first postpartum follicle wave

Butler

Pelton

Knight

et al. 2008

Domestic Animal Endocrinology

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Following parturition, all cows display a wave of ovarian follicular growth, but a large proportion fail to generate a preovulatory rise in estradiol, and hence fail to ovulate. Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) exists as multiple isoforms in the circulation depending on the type and extent of glycosylation, and this has pronounced effects on its biological properties. This 5 study examined differences in plasma FSH, estradiol, and inhibin A concentrations, and the distribution of FSH isoforms in cows with ovulatory or atretic dominant follicles during the first postpartum follicle wave. Plasma FSH isoform distribution was examined in both groups during the period of final development of the dominant follicle by liquid phase isoelectric focusing.Cows with an ovulatory follicle had higher circulating estradiol and inhibin A concentrations, 10 and lower plasma FSH concentrations. The distribution of FSH isoforms displayed a marked shift toward the less acidic isoforms in cows with ovulatory follicles. A higher proportion of the FSH isoforms had a pI >5.0 in cows with ovulatory follicles compared to those with atretic follicles. In addition, cows with ovulatory follicles had greater dry matter intake, superior energy balance, elevated circulating concentrations of insulin and insulin-like growth factor-I, 15 and lower plasma nonesterified fatty acids. The shift in FSH isoforms toward a greater abundance of the less acidic isoforms appears to be a key component in determining the capability for producing a preovulatory rise in estradiol, and this shift in FSH isoforms was associated with more favorable bioenergetic and metabolic status.

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Association of precalving serum NEFA concentrations with postpartum diseases and reproductive performance in multiparous Holstein cows: Cut‐off values

Kia

Mohri

Seifi

2023

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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Background: High concentrations of NEFA relative to a defined reference or 'cut-point' values before calving can predict the risk of specific or collective periparturient disease events. Objectives:A field-based cohort study was conducted to evaluate the value and critical points of serum nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) at the precalving time to predict the occurrence of postpartum diseases and reproductive performance in dairy cows.Methods: Blood samples were taken from 521 high-yielding dairy cows at 1 week (±3 days) before calving and NEFA levels were measured. Health and reproduction information of each cow includes dystocia, retained placenta, milk fever, metritis, mastitis, pregnancy in the first insemination and pregnancy in the first two inseminations, and culling in the first 60 days of lactation and milk production.Results: Our results show that there are significant relationships between precalving NEFA with the probability of pregnancy at the first and the first two inseminations after calving. The cows that had NEFA concentrations less than 0.5 mmol/L at the last week of pregnancy were 3.51 and 3.15 times more likely to be pregnant at first insemination and the first two inseminations, respectively. Also, our results showed that there are significant relationships between precalving NEFA concentration and the likelihood of dystocia and milk fever. The probability of dystocia and milk fever occurrence were 2.56 and 1.91 times greater in those cows that had NEFA concentrations more than 0.3 mmol/L, respectively. Conclusions:The present results indicated that Increasing NEFA during the prepartum period could adversely affect the reproductive efficiency of dairy cows.

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Energy Balance, Metabolic Status, and the First Postpartum Ovarian Follicle Wave in Cows Administered Propylene Glycol

Cited by 115 publications

References 40 publications

Effect of prepartum somatotropin injection in late-pregnant Holstein heifers on metabolism, milk production and postpartum resumption of ovulation

Effect of prepartum somatotropin injection in late-pregnant Holstein heifers on metabolism, milk production and postpartum resumption of ovulation

Follicle-stimulating hormone isoforms and plasma concentrations of estradiol and inhibin A in dairy cows with ovulatory and non-ovulatory follicles during the first postpartum follicle wave

Association of precalving serum NEFA concentrations with postpartum diseases and reproductive performance in multiparous Holstein cows: Cut‐off values

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