Insulin resistance in total lipodystrophy: Evidence for a pre-receptor defect in insulin action

Golden, Michael P.; Charles, M. Arthur; Arquilla, Edward R.; Myers, Gayle L.; Lippe, Barbara M.; Duckworth, William C.; Zuniga, O.F.; Tanner, Sterling M.; Palmer, Ann; Spell, Maureen; Ocariz, Jose

doi:10.1016/0026-0495(85)90222-7

Cited by 21 publications

References 38 publications

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Lipodystrophies and Diabetes

Garg

Misra

2003

International Textbook of Diabetes Mellitus

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Lipodystrophies are heterogeneous disorders of adipose tissue, characterized by selective loss of body fat and a predisposition to develop insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, and hepatic steatosis. These disorders can be either genetic or acquired. The extent of fat loss can also vary from being localized or partial to generalized. Among the genetic lipodystrophies, congenital generalized lipodystrophy is caused by mutations in 1‐acylglycerol‐3‐phosphate O ‐acyltransferase 2 ( AGPAT2 ) and Berardinelli–Seip Congenital Lipodystrophy 2 ( BSCL2 ) genes and familial partial lipodystrophies by defects in lamin A/C ( LMNA ) and peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ ( PPARG ) genes. Acquired generalized and partial lipodystrophies are likely to be autoimmune diseases. Lipodystrophy in HIV‐infected patients is mainly due to prolonged treatment with HIV‐1 protease inhibitors. Diabetes in patients with lipodystrophies may be caused by severe insulin resistance (hepatic and peripheral) and decrease in the insulin secretion due to pancreatic islet amyloidosis and β‐cell atrophy. Hyperglycemia is difficult to manage despite large doses of insulin but does not lead to ketosis. Recombinant human leptin has been reported to drastically improve hyperglycemia and hypertriglyceridemia in lipodystrophy patients with low serum leptin levels. It is hoped that our understanding of the pathogenesis of these disorders will contribute to a better understanding of adipocyte physiology, and of the molecular mechanisms of insulin resistance and eventually to better therapeutic options.

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Lipodystrophies and Diabetes

Garg

Misra

2003

International Textbook of Diabetes Mellitus

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Other Acquired Disorders of Subcutaneous Fat

Chen

Garg

2016

Rook's Textbook of Dermatology, Ninth Edition

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Non‐Inflammatory Disorders of Subcutaneous Fat

Lee,

Garg,

Chen

2024

Rook's Textbook of Dermatology

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This chapter addresses principally non‐inflammatory acquired disorders of subcutaneous fat with an emphasis on acquired lipodystrophy, fat hypertrophy, subcutaneous lipomatosis and lipoedema. Acquired lipodystrophy may be associated with other medical conditions and may occur as a result of antiretroviral therapy, total body irradiation or haematopoietic stem cell transplant, or injection of medications. Some of the subcutaneous lipodermatoses may have a genetic component. Also included in the discussion are conditions such as cellulite and skin conditions related to obesity. For each of these acquired disorders, relevant pathophysiology, methods of diagnosis and management options are discussed.

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Insulin resistance in total lipodystrophy: Evidence for a pre-receptor defect in insulin action

Cited by 21 publications

References 38 publications

Lipodystrophies and Diabetes

Lipodystrophies and Diabetes

Other Acquired Disorders of Subcutaneous Fat

Non‐Inflammatory Disorders of Subcutaneous Fat

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