Insights into the Composition and Antibacterial Activity of Amomum tsao-ko Essential Oils from Different Regions Based on GC-MS and GC-IMS

Abstract

Chemical components are one of the most significant traits and attributes of plant tissues, and lead to their different functions. In this study, the composition of Amomun tsao-ko essential oils (AEOs) from different regions was first determined by a combination of gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography–ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS). In total, 141 compounds were identified, of which terpenes and aldehydes were the main groups. Orthogonal partial least square discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) distinguished the samples from different regions clearly, and the main differences were terpenes, aldehydes, and esters. Meanwhile, AEOs showed strong antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) reached 0.20 mg/mL and 0.39–0.78 mg/mL, respectively. From correlation analysis, 1,8-cineole, (E)-dec-2-enal, citral, α-pinene, and α-terpineol were determined to be the potential antibacterial compounds. This study provides the basis for the variety optimization ofA. tsao-ko and its application as a natural food preservative.

Essential oil from Sabina chinensis leaves: A promising green control agent against Fusarium sp.

“…The EC 50 values with their confidence intervals were determined with GraphPad Prism 8.0.2 software. Data preprocessing is imperative to ensure that the relative content of compounds in the GC-MS data is standardized and entirely comparable using Agilent MassHunter Quantitative Analysis B.09.00 software (Li et al, 2022b). An orthogonal partial least square discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) model was established with chemical components as variables using SIMCA-P software (version 14, Umetrics).…”

Chemical Composition, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Essential Oils Extracted from the Fresh and Dried Seeds of Lanxangia tsao-ko grown in Nghe An, Vietnam

“…23,24 For example, by GC/MS analysis, thirtytwo components (accounting for 96.35%) and thirty-three components (accounting for 96.93%) were identified in hydrodistillation and microwave-assisted hydrodistillation oils, respectively. 23 Furthermore, the main component of the EO, 1,8-cineole, was also found in L. tsaoko EO, but the quantitative composition varied depending on the source of the sample collection (e.g., 28.9-40.89% in Chinese essential oil, 23,25 and 30.6% in Vietnamese essential oil). 22…”

“…30,31 Moreover, Li et al (2022) indicated that 1,8-cineole, 2(E)decenal, α-citral, β-citral, α-pinene, and α-terpineol are likely antibacterial compounds. 25 Previous research has shown that L. tsao-ko fruit EO possesses potential antimicrobial properties, 7,32 and that it is © 2023 the authors. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License extensively utilized as a flavoring and preservative in daily food.…”

Selenium content, chemical composition and volatile components of essential oil and hydrosol from flowers of Cardamine violifolia

“…Essential oils (EOs) are complex mixtures of volatile plant compounds with distinctive scents and biological benefits that are commonly extracted through hydro-distillation, which allows for the simultaneous acquisition of EO and hydrosol. [7,8] The distilled water phase after EO separation is represented by hydrosol. Despite being a byproduct of EO distillation, hydrosol contains trace amounts of EO components as well as watersoluble bioactive chemicals, endowing it with valuable aromatic properties and biological activities.…”

“…[1,13] Headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS) is an emerging analytical technique for detecting VOCs. This technique directly injects and analyzes the headspace from the samples, providing a faster, more sensitive, and cheaper approach in comparison to GC-MS. [7,14] Another common method for evaluating and differentiating volatile flavor substances is the electronic nose (Enose), which emulates the human nose and classifies various samples as a whole. [12,14] In this study, C. violifolia flowers were hydro-distilled to produce EO and hydrosol, the Se content in both distilled products was determined using ICP-MS. GC-MS was used to analyze the chemical compositions of the EO and hydrosol.…”