Innovative Pipe System for Offshore LNG Transfer

Flindt, Christian; Harten, Friedrich; Schippl, K.; Steen, Knut Erik; Haakonsen, Rune; Eide, Jorgen; Høvik, Jon

doi:10.4043/19239-ms

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Vacuum insulated pipes are common in all kinds of cryogenic application. Nevertheless, the developments of Nexans and Brugg are based on their flexible vacuum insulated pipe system CRYOFLEX for offshore LNG loading applications considering EN1474-2, refer [9] for details.…”

Section: Flexible Lng Transfer Pipesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the cargo transfer period free fluid surfaces occur in the cargo tanks of the LNGC. This leads to a significant decrease of the initial intact stability and altered motion behavior (refer [9]). While the FLNG unit is equipped with sloshing-proof SPB tanks, the LNGC selected for the investigations features standard prismatic tanks without internal partitions.…”

Section: Motion Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sloshing analysis has been carried out in frequency domain with WAMIT. Calculations with water in the tanks have been carried out and compared with model tests in order to validate the numerical setup (refer [9]). Subsequent calculations with LNG tank filling provide the real motion behavior of the system with partially filled tanks.…”

Section: Motion Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Mooring Bay Concept for LNG Loading in Harsh and Ice Conditions

Hoog

Berger

Myland

et al. 2012

Volume 6: Materials Technology; Polar and Arctic Sciences and Technology; Petroleum Technology Symposium

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The demand for natural gas from offshore fields is continuously increasing. Especially future production from Arctic waters comes into focus in context with global warming effects leading to the development of a dedicated technology. Relevant approaches work with floating turret moored production terminals (FLNG) receiving gas via flexible risers from subsea or onshore fields. These terminals provide on-board gas treatment and liquefaction facilities as well as huge storage capabilities for LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas), LPG (Liquefied Petrol Gases) and condensate. Products are transferred to periodically operating shuttle tankers for onshore supply reducing the need for local onshore processing plants providing increased production flexibility (future movability or adaptation of capacity). Nevertheless, in case of harsh environmental conditions or ice coverage the offshore transfer of cryogenic liquids between the terminal and the tankers becomes a major challenge. In the framework of the joint research project MPLS20 ([1]), an innovative offshore mooring and cargo transfer system has been developed and analyzed. MPLS20 is developed by the project partners Nexans ([2]) and Brugg ([3]), leading manufacturers of vacuum insulated, flexible cryogenic transfer pipes, IMPaC ([4]), an innovative engineering company that has been involved in many projects for the international oil and gas industry for more than 25 years and the Technical University (TU) Berlin, Department of Land- and Sea Transportation Systems (NAOE, [5]), with great expertise in numerical analyses and model tests. The overall system is based on IMPaC’s patented and certified offshore ‘Mooring Bay’ concept allowing mooring of the vessels in tandem configuration and simultaneous handling and operation of up to six flexible transfer pipes in full aerial mode. The concept is outlined to operate with flexible transfer lines with 16-inch inner diameter like the newly designed and certified corrugated pipes from Nexans and Brugg. The mooring concept and its major subsystems have proven their operability by means of extensive numerical analysis, model tests and a professional ship handling simulator resulting in an overall transfer solution suitable to be used especially under Arctic conditions like addressed by the EU joint research project ACCESS (http://access-eu.org/). The paper introduces the new offshore LNG transfer system and focuses especially on its safe and reliable operability in the Arctic — with ice coverage as well as in open water conditions.

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Section: Flexible Lng Transfer Pipesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Motion Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Motion Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Mooring Bay Concept for LNG Loading in Harsh and Ice Conditions

Hoog

Berger

Myland

et al. 2012

Volume 6: Materials Technology; Polar and Arctic Sciences and Technology; Petroleum Technology Symposium

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“…Together with the corrugated outer pipe (2), the annular (3) for vacuum insulation and leak supervision is established. The required tensile armour forms additional layers of stainless steel braiding (4), which are applied directly on the inner pipe. These layers of stainless steel provide the required reinforcement without significantly stiffening the pipe.…”

Section: Ref 4)mentioning

confidence: 99%

LNG Transfer in Harsh Environments - Introduction of a New Concept

Hoog¹,

Koch²,

Huhn

et al. 2009

All Days

Self Cite

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One of the most challenging questions with regard to the technical part of the LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) supply chain has not been answered satisfactorily yet: How can LNG be safely and reliably transferred between a floating terminal platform (Floating Production, Storage and Offloading -FPSO or Floating Storage and Re-gasification Units -FSRU or comparable) and a shuttle tanker in harsh environmental conditions?The problem consists of two main technical issues: The first is the vessel mooring configuration (e.g. side-by-side (SbS), tandem); the second is the type and appropriate handling of the transfer lines for the cryogenic liquid. As both problems are interacting, no convincing solution has been developed until now. .The innovative offshore LNG loading system "Maritime Pipe Loading System 20" (MPLS20) is proposed by the project partners Nexans and Brugg, leading manufacturers of vacuum insulated, flexible cryogenic transfer pipes, IMPaC, an innovative engineering company that has been involved in many projects for the international oil and gas industry for 25 years and the Technical University Berlin, Department of Land-and Sea Transportation Systems, with great expertise in numerical analyses and model tests.The new concept is based on a unique tandem mooring configuration (see Fig. 1). In comparison to standard operations used in the oil business for about 40 years, the concept introduces a mooring bay for the shuttle tanker. Extensive numerical simulations are conducted to determine the envelope of motions and mooring forces.As the Nexans/Brugg corrugated metal pipes provide a double containment system all relevant safety issues are well addressed, as required by EN1474-2/-3. Thus, LNG transfer can take place even under severe environmental conditions which makes this new concept superior to other approaches such as side-by-side configurations using composite hoses. Fig. 1: Impression of the new offshore LNG transfer system with a LNGC moored to the LNG terminal for loading

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“…As published by Cook [2], only one floating offshore LNG transfer system -based on the emergency unloading technology -was tested in calm water conditions and side-by-side configuration using 8" non-insulated composite hoses until today. However, Frohne et al [3] state that the increasing loading capacity of currently built LNG carriers (up to 260,000 m 3 ) creates a new market for fast and safe loading/offloading concepts -i.e. larger pipe diameters and transfer operations in rough seas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coupling Effects Between Tank Sloshing and Motions of a LNG Carrier

Clauss

Testa

Sprenger

2010

29th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering: Volume 1

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Free liquid surfaces inside the cargo tanks of seagoing ships not only reduce the initial stability but also influence the sea-keeping characteristics, in particular roll motions. Due to the increasing demand of liquefied natural gas (LNG), the concept of offshore processing or receiving terminals will gain in importance. Since pipelines are not economic for long distances, LNG is transported by shuttle carriers from remote marine locations for onshore energy supply. The loading/unloading procedure of an average carrier vessel takes 18 to 24 hours — a time span where the tanks are partially filled and feature free liquid surfaces. Depending on the filling level, the wave incident angle as well as the phase shift of tank sloshing and body motions, the characteristics of the vessel’s response amplitude operators (RAO), especially the roll motion, are altering. This is ascribed to coupling effects between the moving liquid and the hull motions. Hence, the seakeeping characteristics have to be reappraised for each case. A 138,000 m3 LNG carrier with four membrane tanks is numerically analysed with a potential theory based software at different filling levels and wave incident angles in frequency domain. For experimental validation, the tanks are filled with water. Optical motion sensors and transient wave packages are used to determine the RAOs in six degrees of freedom. Additionally, the forces and moments induced by the sloshing liquid are measured by six-component force sensors. On this basis, further computations with LNG are conducted. The focus of the investigations lies on the influence of sloshing on the surge and roll motions of the exemplarily chosen LNG carrier. Instead of one single resonance peak as for the solid filling case, the roll RAO of the dual-mass system features two peaks, whose magnitude and position depends on the filling level of the cargo tanks. But coupling effects due to resonant sloshing also affect longitudinal body motions. The knowledge of the altered seakeeping characteristics of LNG carriers due to free liquid surfaces is essential for save offshore transfer operations.

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Innovative Pipe System for Offshore LNG Transfer

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

The Mooring Bay Concept for LNG Loading in Harsh and Ice Conditions

The Mooring Bay Concept for LNG Loading in Harsh and Ice Conditions

LNG Transfer in Harsh Environments - Introduction of a New Concept

Coupling Effects Between Tank Sloshing and Motions of a LNG Carrier

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