Innovative model for ternary QCA gates

Mohaghegh, Saman Mohammadi; Sabbaghi‐Nadooshan, Reza; Mohammadi, Majid

doi:10.1049/iet-cds.2017.0276

Cited by 27 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Therefore, only four stable states (A, B, C, D) can occur. From the created cases, A can be called 1‐ or −45° degrees and B can be called +1° or +45°, The other two states of QCA are the placement of a ternary cell in a state that has no polarization, and this state C is called a logical zero of zero degrees, and D is called a logical zero of 90° 23,24 . For comparison, the physical structure of TQCA and BQCA cells is separately shown in Table 1.…”

Section: Ternary Quantum Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To validate the findings and results of research in ternary logic, comprehensive software is needed, which can conceptualize, design, execute, set up, and ultimately modify complex circuits in TQCA technology with three logic values [‘0’, ‘1’, ‘2’], help. For the first time, TQCAsim software has been designed and reported by our team in the IAUCTB laboratory and its physical characteristics and algorithms have been proven 24,25 . TQCAsim software is available.…”

Section: Tqcasim Softwarementioning

confidence: 99%

“…After introducing the ternary cell, 21,22 the cascade method was introduced to optimize the truth table of ternary gates, and the ternary gates with rotated cells were proposed 22 . After introducing TQCAsim software, MIN, MAX, STI, PTI, and NTI gates were introduced 24 . Also, Decoder, Increment and Decrement, Multiplexer, Half‐Addition, All‐Addition, Half‐Subtraction and All‐Subtraction, and Multiplication Circuits were designed and simulated in ternary logic 23,26 .…”

Section: Tqcasim Softwarementioning

confidence: 99%

“…To calculate this energy, Equation (4) is used.

E_{external} = \frac{1}{4 π ε_{0} ε_{r}} \sum_{i = 0}^{m} \sum_{j = 0}^{n} \frac{q_{i} q_{j}}{d_{ij}} .

In this equation,

ε_{0}

and

ε_{normalr}

indicate the vacuum and passing of matter,

q_{i}

and

q_{j}

the amount of quantum dot charge in the cell and

d_{italicij}

indicates the distance between the two quantum dots, respectively. External energy calculations for cells are expressed from the relationship this energy is the same as the effect of a cell on its neighboring cells 24,25 …”

Section: Tqcasim Softwarementioning

confidence: 99%

“…As with any electrical circuit, in QCA technology, wires play the role of communicating and transmitting data between components. In this technology, wires are composed of quantum cells and by changing the polarity of a cell, due to Coulomb repulsion, this polarity change is applied to cells 23,24 . The Parameters can be adjusted so that the desired design specifications are obtained.…”

Section: The Characteristics Of Basic Components Of Ternary Quantum C...mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

A novel design approach for T‐XOR gate in ternary quantum‐dot cellular automata circuits

Ghadamgahi

Sabbaghi‐Nadooshan

Navi

2022

Int J Numerical Modelling

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Reducing the size of transistors to nano‐dimensions has brought new problems and challenges to the semiconductor field‐effect transistor industry. Therefore, quantum cells are considered as an alternative technology to solve these problems. The efforts of the past few years on the earth of nano‐electronics circuits have focused more on minimizing the cost of hardware by processing more than two values per basic action. In this paper, for the first time, the ternary XOR circuit has been designed and simulated in ternary quantum cells (TQCA) technologies. The proposed ternary XOR‐based on TQCA with 369 cells, area‐delay cost (m2 − scc) is 136.76, power equal to 1704.7 × 10−20 J equivalent to 106.4 eV, area 0.074128 μm2, and a delay of 1.25 clock was designed and simulated for validation with TQCAsim software. In addition, the ternary decoder circuit was simulated with 14 cells, cost (m2 − scc) is 0.0339, area 0.0021 μm2, and delay of one clock cycle. The comparison indicates that TQCA technology has unique behaviors and advantages in various criteria such as low power consumption, delay reduction, reduction of occupied space, and a significant increase in working frequency.

show abstract

Section: Ternary Quantum Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tqcasim Softwarementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tqcasim Softwarementioning

confidence: 99%

“…To calculate this energy, Equation (4) is used.

E_{external} = \frac{1}{4 π ε_{0} ε_{r}} \sum_{i = 0}^{m} \sum_{j = 0}^{n} \frac{q_{i} q_{j}}{d_{ij}} .

In this equation,

ε_{0}

and

ε_{normalr}

indicate the vacuum and passing of matter,

q_{i}

and

q_{j}

the amount of quantum dot charge in the cell and

d_{italicij}

Section: Tqcasim Softwarementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Characteristics Of Basic Components Of Ternary Quantum C...mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

A novel design approach for T‐XOR gate in ternary quantum‐dot cellular automata circuits

Ghadamgahi

Sabbaghi‐Nadooshan

Navi

2022

Int J Numerical Modelling

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

References

2024

Computing With Multi‐Value Logic in Quantum Dot Cellular Automata

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Design and Simulation of Innovative QCA Quaternary Logic Gates

Akbari‐Hasanjani

Sabbaghi‐Nadooshan

2021

Advcd Theory and Sims

Self Cite

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This paper proposes a new cell configuration for quaternary Quantum Cellular Automata (QQCA) based on the calculation of polarization. The proposed QQCA cell is based on a three-particle system that creates instability within a cell in the gate design. Therefore, a single-particle system or binary QCA (bQCA) technology and a two-particle system or Ternary QCA (TQCA) technology have been used to implement quaternary logic. The proposed cell can be implemented in two layers or in one, using input and output drives. According to the dimensions of the proposed model for QQCA and simulation of basic gates, designing with this cell is quite optimal; it requires five cells in the design of the AND and OR gates and two cells in the design of the NOT gate. Based on the number of cells used in the basic gates, the total area in the AND and OR gates is 576 × 10 −6 µm 2 and in the NOT gate is 276 × 10 −6 µm 2 . The base gates are fully optimized and latency is equal to 0.25 clockcycle or 0.25 × 10 −12 s, which is reduced in comparison with prior works. Also, the power consumption of a cell in terms of quantum calculation and the proposed model is also investigated.

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Innovative model for ternary QCA gates

Cited by 27 publications

References 26 publications

A novel design approach for T‐XOR gate in ternary quantum‐dot cellular automata circuits

A novel design approach for T‐XOR gate in ternary quantum‐dot cellular automata circuits

References

Design and Simulation of Innovative QCA Quaternary Logic Gates

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