Inkjet-printed transparent micro-supercapacitors with morphology tailored co-continuous mesoporous Mn₃O₄

Abstract

High energy density, flexible supercapacitors typically use various carbon allotropes and 2-dimensional metals as the electrode material. As an alternative, here we report, fully printed, bendable and high-capacity micro-supercapacitors (MSCs)...

A universal approach to ‘host’ carbon nanotubes on a charge triggered ‘guest’ interpenetrating polymer network for excellent ‘green’ electromagnetic interference shielding

“…10d). 61,[62][63][64] The IPN-CNT construct was glued onto a flexible substrate and together had a thickness of 0.3 mm. Therefore, the maximum strain at the outer surface was 1.5% and mostly tensile in nature, along its cross-section (as the IPN-CNT construct was placed at the outer surface).…”

Influence of Capping Agents on the Synthesis of Mn3O4 Nanostructures for Supercapacitors

“…Mn 3 O 4 is gaining attention as a pseudocapacitive charge-storage material for supercapacitors. − Investigations focused on the fabrication of thin films and high-active-mass (AM) bulk electrodes ,− by various techniques and analysis of the charging mechanism. − The investigation of Mn 3 O 4 behavior in a Na 2 SO 4 electrolyte − is of particular importance for the manufacturing of asymmetric supercapacitors for operation in the voltage range of 1.6–2.0 V. The first step of the charging mechanism in a Na 2 SO 4 electrolyte involves solvation: Mn 3 normalO 4 → Na δ MnO italicx · normalH 2 normalO X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) investigations confirmed Na δ MnO x formation during the initial cycling and revealed Mn 3+ -ion reduction. Another XAS study confirmed the reduction of Mn 3+ to Mn 2+ at low potentials and revealed the oxidation of Mn 3+ to Mn 4+ or Mn 6+ at higher potentials …”

Inkjet-Printed Transparent Asymmetric Microsupercapacitors with Mesoporous NiCo2O4 and Mn2O3 Electrodes

“…1−4 Recently, an area of transparent power sources has emerged as a new field of research to satisfy such energy demands. 5 On the other hand, the continuous research efforts toward faster processing and reduction in circuit dimensions are making it increasingly important to find energy solutions to power these new and evolving electronic and optoelectronic devices and systems. Microbatteries and microsupercapacitors (MSCs) are the two promising candidates that can fulfill most of the above-mentioned criteria.…”

“…The developments in consumer optoelectronics, smart glasses/windows, interactive and invisible electronics, electronic skins, etc., are driving an increasing demand for reliable, ultrasmall, lightweight, inexpensive, highly efficient, as well as optically transparent power sources. − Recently, an area of transparent power sources has emerged as a new field of research to satisfy such energy demands . On the other hand, the continuous research efforts toward faster processing and reduction in circuit dimensions are making it increasingly important to find energy solutions to power these new and evolving electronic and optoelectronic devices and systems.…”

“…Among all the electrochemical energy storage materials, MSCs with pseudocapacitive electrodes may simultaneously offer high energy density (in comparison to the electric double layer capacitance, EDLC-based ones), exceptional power delivery capability, better thermal operation range, and sufficiently large cyclability, along with negligible capacity fading, even after thousands of charge–discharge cycles . Such pseudocapacitive materials include transition metal oxides, ,− hydroxides, , and conducting polymers, which show a plethora of different oxidation states that have earlier been exploited for the development of high-energy-density supercapacitors. Some of the well-known transition metal oxide systems that show large pseudocapacitive charge storage include simple or complex oxides based on manganese oxide, ruthenium oxide, nickel oxide, and cobalt oxide .…”