Injectable calcium phosphate scaffold with iron oxide nanoparticles to enhance osteogenesis via dental pulp stem cells

Abstract

Literature search revealed no systematic report on iron oxide nanoparticle-incorporating calcium phosphate cement scaffolds (IONP-CPC). The objectives of this study were to: (1) use γFeO nanoparticles (γIONPs) and αFeO nanoparticles (αIONPs) to develop novel IONP-CPC scaffolds, and (2) investigate human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) seeding on IONP-CPC for bone tissue engineering for the first time. IONP-CPC scaffolds were fabricated. Physiochemical properties of IONP-CPC scaffolds were characterized. hDPSC seeding on scaffolds, cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and bone matrix mineral synthesis by cells were measured. Our data demonstrated that the osteogenic differentiation of hDPSCs was markedly enhanced via IONP incorporation into CPC. Substantial increases (about three folds) in ALP activity and osteogenic gene expressions were achieved over those without IONPs. Bone matrix mineral synthesis by the cells was increased by two- to three folds over that without IONPs. The enhanced cellular osteogenesis was attributed to: (1) the surface nanotopography of IONP-CPC scaffold, and (2) the cell internalization of IONPs released from IONP-CPC scaffold. Our results demonstrate that the novel CPC functionalized with IONPs is promising to promote osteoinduction and bone regeneration. In conclusion, it is highly promising to incorporate γIONPs and αIONPs into CPC scaffold for bone tissue engineering, yielding substantially better stem cell attachment, spreading and osteogenic differentiation, and much greater bone mineral synthesis by the seeded cells. Therefore, novel CPC scaffolds containing γIONPs and αIONPs are promising for dental, craniofacial and orthopaedic applications to substantially enhance bone regeneration.

Bone tissue regeneration: biology, strategies and interface studies

“…In a current research, an injectable calcium phosphate/SPIONs cement has been developed by mixing with a SPION. Osteogenic differentiation and bone matrix mineral synthesis by the cells was similarly improved two folded in comparison to samples without SPIONs (Xia et al 2018a). Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticle/bioactive glass/polycaprolactone (Fe 3 O 4 /MBG/PCL) scaffolds was fabricated using a 3D printing method.…”

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Fluorescent labelling in living dental pulp stem cells by graphene oxide quantum dots

“…The stem cells of humans are representative to a revolutionary tool for drug discovery and disease modelling. The generation of the cell types which are relevant to tissues which exhibits the molecular and genetic background of patients provides the competence to improve useful and personal therapies [1]. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) among other stem cells have been recognized to be a particular kind of adult stem cell source by Gronthos in 2000 [2].…”

“…GOQDs have attracted more and more attention because of their particular properties, such as easy preparation, robust chemical inertness, low toxicity as well as high luminescent. GOQDs' thin sheet contains a large amount of functional groups which contain oxygen and grafted covalently at the edges or with the basal plane [1]. GOQDs have been adopted for biolabelling, bioimaging as well as other biomedical applications because of its photoluminescent (PL) properties.…”

Iron oxides nanoparticles (IOs) exposed to magnetic field promote expression of osteogenic markers in osteoblasts through integrin alpha-3 (INTa-3) activation, inhibits osteoclasts activity and exerts anti-inflammatory action

“…We have found that IOs combined with MF increased Ca:P ratio, enhanced expression of OPN, Coll-1, OCN, DMP-1 and BMP-2-crucial markers for osteogenesis. Pro-osteogenic properties of IOs were also proved by Xia et al [37] who revealed that calcium phosphate scaffold doped with iron oxide nanoparticles enhanced osteogenesis in dental pulp stem cells. Similar results were found by Wang et al [38] who discovered that magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) enhance osteogenesis in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) via upregulation of long noncoding RNA INZEB2.…”