Inhibitory effects of kiwifruit extract on human platelet aggregation and plasma angiotensin-converting enzyme activity

Abstract

Previous human studies suggest that supplementation with kiwifruits lowers several cardiovascular risk factors such as platelet hyperactivity, blood pressure and plasma lipids. The cardiovascular health benefit of fruit and vegetables is usually attributed to the complex mixture of phytochemicals therein; however, kiwifruit's cardioprotective factors are not well studied. In this study, we investigated the effects of kiwifruit extract on human blood platelet aggregation and plasma angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity. A sugar-free, heat-stable aqueous extract with molecular mass less than 1000 Da was prepared from kiwifruits. Typically, 100 g kiwifruits produced 66.3 ± 5.8 mg (1.2 ± 0.1 mg CE) of sugar-free kiwifruit extract (KFE). KFE inhibited both human platelet aggregation and plasma ACE activity in a dose-dependent manner. KFE inhibited platelet aggregation in response to ADP, collagen and arachidonic acid, and inhibitory action was mediated in part by reducing TxA2 synthesis. The IC50 for ADP-induced platelet aggregation was 1.6 ± 0.2 mg/ml (29.0 ± 3.0 μg CE/ml), whereas IC50 for serum ACE was 0.6 ± 0.1 mg/ml (11.0 ± 1.2 μg CE/ml). Consuming 500 mg of KFE (9.0 mg CE) in 10 g margarine inhibited ex vivo platelet aggregation by 12.7%, 2 h after consumption by healthy volunteers (n = 9). All these data indicate that kiwifruit contains very potent antiplatelet and anti-ACE components. Consuming kiwifruits might be beneficial as both preventive and therapeutic regime in cardiovascular disease.

<p>Effect of kiwifruit on metabolic health in patients with cardiovascular risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis</p>

“…Aqueous extract of kiwifruit was also reported to inhibit both human platelet aggregation and plasma ACE activity in a dose-dependent manner. Inhibition of platelet aggregation was mediated partly by reducing thromboxaneA 2 synthesis 33. Based on these activities, kiwifruit has potential cardiovascular protective properties.…”

Bioactive food components and their inhibitory actions in multiple platelet pathways

“…Many bioactive compounds may affect blood platelet function in various ways (Bachmair et al, 2014; Dutta‐Roy, 2002). New dietary regimens for a long‐term strategy to modify human blood platelet activity favourably are being developed (Bachmair et al, 2014; Dizdarevic et al, 2014; Dutta‐Roy, 2002; Naemura et al, 2005; O'Kennedy, Raederstorff, et al, 2017).…”

“…Aqueous extracts of various fruits have antiaggregatory effects on human blood platelets (Dizdarevic et al, 2014; Dutta‐Roy et al, 2001; Duttaroy & Jorgensen, 2004; O'Kennedy, Crosbie, Whelan, et al, 2006). The water‐soluble and heat‐stable tomato extract, later named Fruitflow®, is the most studied antiplatelet agent used worldwide (Lazarus & Garg, 2004; O'Kennedy, Raederstorff, et al, 2017).…”

“…There is rising interest in searching for naturally occurring antiplatelet bioactive compounds that may not have the same adverse effects as many antiplatelet drugs (Dutta‐Roy, 2002; Vilahur & Badimon, 2013). Many studies have reported the antiplatelet compounds present in fruits and vegetables (Dizdarevic et al, 2014; Dutta‐Roy, 2002; Dutta‐Roy et al, 2001; Duttaroy & Jorgensen, 2004; O'Kennedy, Crosbie, Song, et al, 2006; O'Kennedy, Crosbie, van Lieshout, et al, 2006; O'Kennedy, Crosbie, Whelan, et al, 2006; O'Kennedy, Raederstorff, et al, 2017). However, their actions on non‐hemostatic functions of platelet are not well investigated.…”

Perfil de polifenoles, capacidad antioxidante y efecto citotóxico in vitro en líneas celulares humanas de un extracto hidroalcohólico de pétalos de Calendula officinalis L.

“…Obtaining the following: breast (MDA-MB-231) (-2.28 ± 0.24, r 2 = 0.915), uterine cervix (HeLa) (-2.36 ± 0.22, r 2 = 0.935), lung (A-549) (-2.72 ± 0.28, r 2 = 0.931), colon (HT-29) (-2.40 ± 0.28, r 2 = 0.898), and (Caco-2) (2.33 ± 0.33, r 2 = 0.848). Finally, the relationship between concentration-absorbance relationship was established to obtain the percentage of left over viability of the treatments (Schreml, Lehle, Birnbaum & Preuner, 2007;Kim et al, 2010;Milian-Vázquez, MoralesOjeda, Vázquez-Montero, Martín-Álvarez & Quiroz-Enríquez, 2010;Dizdarevic et al, 2014).…”