Inhibitory Effect of Natural Carotenoids on Epstein-Barr Virus Activation Activity of a Tumor Promoter in Raji Cells. A Screening Study for Anti-tumor Promoters.

Anti-oxidative, anti-tumor-promoting, and anti-carcinogenic activities of adonirubin and adonixanthin

“…Adonirubin and adonixanthin showed slightly weaker activity than astaxanthin, which has strong anti-tumor-promoting activity 15 .…”

“…Smears were made from the cell suspension, and an indirect immunofluorescence technique. Details of the in vitro assay for EBV-EA induction have been reported previously 15 .…”

Intakes of fruits and vegetables, carotenoids and vitamins A, E, C in relation to the risk of bladder cancer in the ATBC cohort study

“…Carotenoids have many properties that may be important in the prevention of carcinogenesis, antioxidation having been the primary focus in many studies. Recent research found that carotenoids have other pertinent properties, including antimutagenic and anticlastogenic effects (Rauscher et al, 1998), inhibitory effects on Epstein-Barr virus activation activity of a tumour promoter (Tsushima et al, 1995), and cytoprotective effects (Javor et al, 1983). Multivariate RRs include age (continuous), duration of smoking (continuous), smoking dose (continuous), total energy (quintiles), and trial intervention (alpha-tocopherol and beta-carotene supplementation).…”

Isolation of eriocitrin (eriodictyol 7‐O‐rutinoside) as an arachidonate lipoxygenase inhibitor from Lumie fruit (Citrus lumia) and its distribution in Citrus species

“…1 β-Cryptoxanthin, which occurs in abundance in mandarin-type fruits such as Satsuma (Citrus unshiu) and Ponkan (Citrus reticulata), was one of the strongest anti-tumour promoters among 51 carotenoids investigated. 2 Auraptene is found in the outer peel of fruits such as sour orange (Citrus aurantium), Natsudaidai (Citrus natsudaidai) and grapefruit (Citrus paradisi). Recent studies have suggested that auraptene is a promising cancer-preventive component.…”