Inhibition Kinetics of Acetylcholinesterase and Phosphatases by the Active Constituents of Terminalia arjuna and Tamarindus indica in the Cerebral Ganglion of Lymnaea acuminata

Abstract

Introduction: Paper demonstrates effect of the active molluscicidal components arjunolic acid (Terminalia arjuna bark) and procynadine (Tamarindus indica seed) on the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and phosphatases (ACP/ALP) in the cerebral ganglion of snail Lymnaea acuminata. Materials and Methods: Kinetics of AChE/ACP/ ALP inhibition in the cerebral ganglion of snail Lymnaea acuminata was studied via in vivo (40% and 80% of 96 h LC 50 ) and in vitro treatments (0.3 µg to 7.0 µg) of the column purified fractions, arjunolic acid and procynadine. Results: In vivo exposure of procynadine and arjunolic acid significantly inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE), acid phosphatase (ACP) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities in the cerebral ganglion of L. acuminata exposed to 80% of 96h LC 50 . In in vitro treatment maximum inhibition in AChE/ACP/ALP activities in the cerebral ganglion of snail were noted when exposed to 7.0 µg of arjunolic acid and 0.9 µg of procynadine. Column purified fraction of T. arjuna bark and T. indica seed caused non-competitive and uncompetitive inhibition of AChE activity, respectively. Column purified fraction and arjunolic acid of T. arjuna bark caused uncompetitive inhibition of ACP while column purified fraction and procynadine of T. indica seed caused competitive inhibition. Competitivenon-competitive inhibition of ALP activity in the cerebral ganglion of L. acuminata was observed after treatment of column purified active components of both plants. Conclusions: The molluscicidal activity of T. arjuna bark (arjunolic acid) and T. indica seed (procynadine) against snail L. acuminata is due to the inhibition of AChE/ACP/ ALP. Their inhibition kinetics against AChE/ACP/ALP, were different in cerebral ganglion of snail.

A Kinetic Study of Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition by Fractions of Oleo diox Roxb.leaf and Curculigo orchioides Gaertn Rhizome for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease

“…The graph indicates that with an increase in substrate concentration, using AChE concentrations remaining the same, the rate of reaction increases with the formation of thiocholine and acetic acid. The substrate attentiveness is increased until a stable rate of product formation [18][19][20][21]. This is the V max of the enzyme.…”

Toxicological Safety Assessment of Molluscicides Against Non-target Aquatic Biota; Colisa fasciatus

“…Medicinal plants are known to play an essential role in traditional and conventional medicine preparation [8]. The plant of Terminalia arjuna and Tamarindus indica are known to have high medicinal value in Indian traditional medicine [9], [10], [11], [12]. Since then the essays with this approach the two indigenous medicinal plants Terminalia arjuna and Tamarindus indica have successfully tested for their molluscicidal activity [2], [3], [12].…”

“…The plant of Terminalia arjuna and Tamarindus indica are known to have high medicinal value in Indian traditional medicine [9], [10], [11], [12]. Since then the essays with this approach the two indigenous medicinal plants Terminalia arjuna and Tamarindus indica have successfully tested for their molluscicidal activity [2], [3], [12]. The molluscicidal component extracted from these two plant i.e arjunolic acid, saponin and procynadine significantly affect the brain tissue of targeted snails by affecting key enzymes AChE, ACP and ALP activities [12], [13].…”

Chlorophyllin Treatment Against the Snail Lymnaea acuminata: A new tool in Fasciolosis Control

“…[1][2][3] Human fasciolosis and it outbreaks in the last two decades have changed the status of fasciolosis from a zoonosis to an emerging health problem in tropics. 4,5 Fasciola gigantica is the causative agent of fasciolosis in eastern Uttar Pradesh, India.…”