“…• Frequency Stability and Control: analogously to the techniques aimed at improving voltage stability that are based on bus VPFs, e.g., [22]- [24], [30], [31], FPFs can be used to determine the buses that are most significant for frequency control, e.g., pilot buses as those defined for voltage control (see, for example, [35] and, more recently, [36]). FPFs can be also utilized for sensitivity analysis, similarly to the participation factors proposed in [27], to determine which rotor speed mostly affect bus frequency deviations.…”