Inguinoscrotal pathology

Abstract

Infants, children, and adolescents with inguinoscrotal pathology comprise a significant proportion of emergency department and outpatient visits. Visits to the emergency department primarily comprise individuals presenting with scrotal pain due to testicular torsion or torsion of the testicular appendages. At such time, immediate urological consultation is sought. Outpatient visits comprise those individuals with undescended testes, hydroceles, and varicoceles. Rare, but important problems, such as pediatric testicular tumours, may also present in the office setting. Many of these outpatient visits are to primary care physicians, who should have an appreciation of the timing and need for referral.The purpose of this review is to familiarize the general urologist and primary care physician with these varied pathologies and give insight into their assessment and management. Some of these same conditions are seen in adult patients, but there are some significant differences in their management in the pediatric group. In addition, the utility of imaging studies, such as ultrasound, are discussed within each pathological entity. It is hoped that this overview will assist our general urology and primary care colleagues in patient management for diverse inguinoscrotal pathologies. Undescended testisUndescended testis has a prevalence of 3% of all term baby boys, but can be seen in 30% of premature infants. Only 1% will be undescended at one year of age.

The Importance of Surgical Timing in Inguinoscrotal Surgical Pathologies

“…In 30% of premature babies and in about 3% of babies born at term, the testes have not yet reached the scrotum. However, when the same children were re-examined at the end of the first year, it was seen that 5% of premature infants and only 0.5% of those who were born at term of one or two sided testis were still not fall (5). Diagnosis of undescended testis can be made at the earliest 3 months of age.…”

Idiopathic Scrotal Calcinosis – A Case Report

“…Inguinoscrotal disorders can be chronic disorders or emergencies like testicular trauma or torsions [ 1 ].…”