Ingestion of Raffinose Promotes Calcium Absorption in the Large Intestine of Rats

Mitamura, Rieko; Hara, Hiroshi; Aoyama, Yumi

doi:10.1271/bbb.68.384

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…It is well known that parathyroid hormone and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH) 2 D 3 ] are important hormones involved in regulating intestinal calcium absorption. 32) The parathyroid glands sense the serum calcium level, and secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH) if it becomes too low, for example, when dietary calcium intake is inadequate. PTH stimulates the activity of the 1-hydroxylase in the kidney, resulting in increased production of calcitriol, the biologically active form of vitamin D3.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Fructus Ligustri Lucidi Extract on Bone Turnover and Calcium Balance in Ovariectomized Rats

Zhang

Lai

Leung

et al. 2006

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a major age-related health problem for women who often have negative calcium balance due to decrease in intestinal calcium absorption, insufficient dietary calcium intake, as well as increase in urinary Ca loss associated with estrogen deficiency during menopause. 1)Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) has been an established regime for prevention of postmenopausal bone loss, 2,3) but recent evidence indicates that its long-term use is accompanied by side effects, such as the increased risk of breast, ovarian and endometrial cancer. 4,5) Thus, alternative means of proven efficacy and safety should be developed for prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis.Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has been widely used for thousands of years to treat fractures and joint diseases. Many herbs shown to have kidney-tonifying activities are used in TCM formulas for prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.6) Although these herbal medicines are seen as cost-effective alternatives by their traditional users, their international acceptance as a major regimen for prevention and treatment of osteoporosis would require extensive research using modern science.The source of the crude drug, Fructus Ligustri Lucidi (FLL, Chinese name, Nvzhenzi), is the fruit of Ligustrum lucidum Ait.7) It has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for over 1000 years, mainly to treat such ailments as menopausal problems, blurred vision, tinnitus, rheumatic pains, palpitations, backache, insomnia as well as to alleviate age-related symptoms.8-10) It was first described in the Chinese Materia Medica, Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing (Anonymous, ca. 200 B.C). In the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, it has the effects of maintaining healthy energy, and nourishing the liver and kidneys, is therefore a commonly prescribed herbal material in a number of formulae used to tonify the kidneys and strengthen bone. 11,12) Modern research has shown that FLL is useful for prevention of bone marrow loss in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy.13) Hao et al. observed that FLL induced ultrastructural changes on the corticotrophs of rat pituitary gland and provided morphological evidence for the action of FLL in modulating endocrine function.14) However, the beneficial effect on bone and mineral metabolism has not been scientifically evaluated.In this study, we investigated the effects of the crude FLL extract on bone and mineral metabolism, bone turnover marker and calcium balance in osteoporotic rats. The results provide evidence of the osteoprotective effects of this crude extract in ovariectomized rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Measurement of Oleanolic Acid in Fructus LigustriLucidi (FLL) Extract Dried extract powder of Fructus Ligustri Lucidi was purchased from 999 Company (Shenzhen, China), and the yield of the extract from original plant was 42%. A voucher specimen was deposited in the Shenzhen Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products (Shenzhen, P.R.C.), where oleanolic acid was supplied. The con...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Fructus Ligustri Lucidi Extract on Bone Turnover and Calcium Balance in Ovariectomized Rats

Zhang

Lai

Leung

et al. 2006

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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“…One of the few studies investigating the effects of honey on calcium metabolism reported a higher calcium retention in infants fed honey-supplemented milk than control (21). Various studies based on animal models have also observed the calcium uptake-enhancing effects of raffinose (1,4,5), which is present in honey (22). In the present study, we investigated the acute and chronic effects of honey and its carbohydrate constituents (specifically glucose, fructose, and raffinose) on calcium absorption in growing rats by applying an isotopic tracer method (based on femur uptake of 45 Ca).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute and Chronic Effects of Honey and Its Carbohydrate Constituents on Calcium Absorption in Rats

Ariefdjohan

Martin

Lachcik

et al. 2008

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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The effects of honey and its carbohydrate constituents (glucose, fructose, and raffinose) on calcium absorption in rats were investigated in acute and chronic feeding studies. In the acute study, rats ( n = 120) were gavaged with an oral solution consisting of (a) 10 microCi (45)Ca, (b) 25 mg of calcium as calcium acetate, and (c) one of the following: 0 mg of honey (control), or 200, 500, or 800 mg of honey, a glucose-fructose mixture, 10.75 mg of raffinose, or 200 mg of raffinose. Another group received (45)Ca intraperitoneally. Femurs were collected 2 days later and analyzed for (45)Ca content. Rats given 500 and 800 mg of honey showed 25.5 and 33.6% increases in calcium absorption ( P<0.05), respectively, over the control group. Groups given the glucose-fructose mixture or 200 mg of raffinose had a significantly higher increase in calcium absorption than the control group (17.1 and 25.6%, respectively). In the chronic study, rats (n=96) were fed for 8 weeks with either 0% honey (control), 5% honey, 10% honey, or a glucose-fructose-raffinose (GFR) mixture. Femurs of GFR-fed rats had significantly lower calcium content, (45)Ca absorption, width, and BMD (at distal region) than control rats. Groups fed honey did not show the negative effects of GFR on bone, but had no advantage over the control group. No significant differences were observed in femur length, density, strength, or BMC among any treatment group compared to the control group. These results indicate that although a positive dose-response effect of honey and its carbohydrate constituents on calcium absorption was observed in the acute study, this effect disappeared upon long-term feeding in rats, implying adaptation had occurred.

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“…Honey is a commonly used sweetener consisting of the carbohydrates of fructose, glucose, and raffinose. Various studies with animal models have documented the calcium uptake-enhancing effects of raffinose [ 32 , 33 ] which was also present in honey used for this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone Mechanical Properties and Mineral Density in Response to Cessation of Jumping Exercise and Honey Supplementation in Young Female Rats

Tavafzadeh

Ooi

Chen

et al. 2015

BioMed Research International

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This study investigated effects of cessation of exercise and honey supplementation on bone properties in young female rats. Eighty-four 12-week-old Sprague-Dawley female rats were divided into 7 groups: 16S, 16J, 16H, 16JH, 8J8S, 8H8S, and 8JH8S (8 = 8 weeks, 16 = 16 weeks, S = sedentary without honey supplementation, H = honey supplementation, and J = jumping exercise). Jumping exercise consisted of 40 jumps/day for 5 days/week. Honey was given to the rats at a dosage of 1 g/kg body weight/rat/day via force feeding for 7 days/week. Jumping exercise and honey supplementation were terminated for 8 weeks in 8J8S, 8H8S, and 8JH8S groups. After 8 weeks of cessation of exercise and honey supplementation, tibial energy, proximal total bone density, midshaft cortical moment of inertia, and cortical area were significantly higher in 8JH8S as compared to 16S. Continuous sixteen weeks of combined jumping and honey resulted in significant greater tibial maximum force, energy, proximal total bone density, proximal trabecular bone density, midshaft cortical bone density, cortical area, and midshaft cortical moment of inertia in 16JH as compared to 16S. These findings showed that the beneficial effects of 8 weeks of combined exercise and honey supplementation still can be observed after 8 weeks of the cessation and exercise and supplementation.

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Ingestion of Raffinose Promotes Calcium Absorption in the Large Intestine of Rats

Cited by 13 publications

References 27 publications

Effects of Fructus Ligustri Lucidi Extract on Bone Turnover and Calcium Balance in Ovariectomized Rats

Effects of Fructus Ligustri Lucidi Extract on Bone Turnover and Calcium Balance in Ovariectomized Rats

Acute and Chronic Effects of Honey and Its Carbohydrate Constituents on Calcium Absorption in Rats

Bone Mechanical Properties and Mineral Density in Response to Cessation of Jumping Exercise and Honey Supplementation in Young Female Rats

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