Influenza-existing drugs and treatment prospects

Sarker, Avishak; Gu, Zichen; Mao, Lu; Ge, Yongzhuang; Hou, Duoduo; Fang, Jieyu; Wei, Zhanyong; Wang, Zhenya

doi:10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114189

Cited by 33 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Two types of influenza antiviral drugs that target the viral membrane protein (M2) ion channel and inhibitors of NA also have been approved for prophylaxis and therapy. However, the use of these antivirals is still limited (11). Therefore, a universal influenza vaccine that can elicit more broadly cross-reactive and long-term protection, and novel therapeutic agents would be highly desirable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the conserved protective epitopes of hemagglutinin on influenza A viruses

Jiao

Wang²,

Chen³

et al. 2023

Front. Immunol.

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The conserved protective epitopes of hemagglutinin (HA) are essential to the design of a universal influenza vaccine and new targeted therapeutic agents. Over the last 15 years, numerous broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) targeting the HA of influenza A viruses have been isolated from B lymphocytes of human donors and mouse models, and their binding epitopes identified. This work has brought new perspectives for identifying conserved protective epitopes of HA. In this review, we succinctly analyzed and summarized the antigenic epitopes and functions of more than 70 kinds of bnAb. The highly conserved protective epitopes are concentrated on five regions of HA: the hydrophobic groove, the receptor-binding site, the occluded epitope region of the HA monomers interface, the fusion peptide region, and the vestigial esterase subdomain. Our analysis clarifies the distribution of the conserved protective epitope regions on HA and provides distinct targets for the design of novel vaccines and therapeutics to combat influenza A virus infection.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the conserved protective epitopes of hemagglutinin on influenza A viruses

Jiao

Wang²,

Chen³

et al. 2023

Front. Immunol.

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“…Antiviral resistance is a natural phenomenon often caused by viral evolution. Nonetheless, evidence indicates an increase in drug resistance due to drug-induced selective pressure [ 66 , 177 , 178 ], propped by inappropriate use and excessive prescription [ 67 , 179 ]. The same applies to the use of antibiotics and development of antimicrobial resistance [ 68 , 180 ].…”

Section: The Role and Value Of Rapid Testing For The Management And T...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role and Value of Professional Rapid Testing of Acute Respiratory Infections (ARIs) in Europe: A Special Focus on the Czech Republic, Poland, and Romania

Drevinek,

Flisiak,

Nemes

et al. 2024

Diagnostics

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This review aims to explore the role of professional diagnostic rapid testing of acute respiratory infections (ARIs), especially COVID-19 and influenza, ensuring proper disease management and treatment in Europe, and particularly in Czech Republic, Poland, and Romania. The paper was constructed based on a review of scientific evidence and national and international policies and recommendations, as well as a process of validation by four experts. The development of new testing technologies, treatment options, and increased awareness of the negative multidimensional impact of ARI profiles transformed differential diagnosis into a tangible and desirable reality. This review covers the following topics: (1) the multidimensional impact of ARIs, (2) ARI rapid diagnostic testing platforms and their value, (3) the policy landscape, (4) challenges and barriers to implementation, and (5) a set of recommendations illustrating a path forward. The findings indicate that rapid diagnostic testing, including at the point of care (POC), can have a positive impact on case management, antimicrobial and antibiotic stewardship, epidemiological surveillance, and decision making. Integrating this strategy will require the commitment of governments and the international and academic communities, especially as we identified room for improvement in the access and expansion of POC rapid testing in the focus countries and the inclusion of rapid testing in relevant policies.

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“…Various therapeutic options towards influenza have been developed, which target the growth cycle and the replication process of the virus. Matrix protein 2 ion channel inhibitor (amantadine, rimantadine) is no longer the treatment of choice due to the high prevalence of drug resistance among influenza viruses [19]. Currently, neuraminidase inhibitors (NAI) and endonuclease inhibitors are the two major classes of antiviral treatment widely used for influenza.…”

Section: Antiviral Therapiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiviral therapies for influenza

Chan

Hui

2023

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases

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Purpose of reviewThe heavily suppressed global influenza activity during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is expected to return upon relaxation of travel restriction and nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPI). We reviewed the four marketed neuraminidase inhibitors (NAI e.g., oseltamivir, zanamivir, peramivir, laninamivir) and the only endonuclease inhibitor (baloxavir) on their clinical therapeutic effects and the ability of viral suppression in various groups of patients of different clinical settings based on the latest evidence.Recent findingsEarly initiation, preferably within 48 h of symptom onsets, of antiviral treatments with NAI and baloxavir, is crucial to produce favourable outcomes in patients with influenza infection. Updated evidence does not suggest routine use of combined antiviral agents in patients with influenza infection. Treatment-emergent resistant influenza variants may occur during NAI and baloxavir use, but it has no major impact on subsequent recovery. Early treatment of index patients with influenza infection and post-exposure prophylaxis in specific populations is crucial in preventing influenza transmission.SummaryAntiviral therapy is the major defence therapeutically in the community and hospital settings to expedite early recovery and reduce influenza-related complications. Early treatment of index patients and post-exposure prophylaxis in susceptible close contacts may mitigate the spread of infection.

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Influenza-existing drugs and treatment prospects

Cited by 33 publications

References 60 publications

Analysis of the conserved protective epitopes of hemagglutinin on influenza A viruses

Analysis of the conserved protective epitopes of hemagglutinin on influenza A viruses

The Role and Value of Professional Rapid Testing of Acute Respiratory Infections (ARIs) in Europe: A Special Focus on the Czech Republic, Poland, and Romania

Antiviral therapies for influenza

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