Influência de fatores socioeconômicos e demográficos no padrão de respiração: um estudo piloto

Abstract

Breat hing represents one of the vital functions of the organism, and its unbalance causes some series of alterations in several organs and systems. Aim: Verify the influence of socio-economic and demographic factors in determining breathing patterns. Study design: cross-sectional. Materials and Methods: there were 143 students in the sample, with ages ranging from 9 and 10 years, from two schools, public and private, in the city of Recife, Pernambuco. Breathing patterns were established through two tests: Glatzel Plate (Steam) and water time in the mouth. Socio-economic factors were evaluated through questionnaires with nine questions each. Statistics were carried out by means of the ChiSquared test or Fisher's Exact test and the significance level used was of 5%. Results: Oral breathing prevalence was of 55.2%, higher among females (57.7%) and in public schools (67.2%).Lack of medical care (62%), less use of medications (56.6%), parents with educational levels lower than high school, divorced parents (66%), students that do not live with their parents (68.7%) and homes with only one room (72%), in all of those situations, oral breathing signs were more prevalent. Only school type had significant association with the breathing pattern. Conclusion: High levels of oral breathing without differences concerning gender and age. With the exception of school type, there was no association between breathing pattern and socio-economic factors.

Avaliação da associação entre os indicadores de saúde bucal, os aspectos socioeconômicos e crianças com sinais clínicos orofaciais indicativos de respiração oral crônica

“…The authors stressed that the frequency of mouth breathing decreased as the educational level of the father and mother increased, but this correlation was not significant. The authors also found no association between mouth breathing and the socioeconomic and demographic variables studied, such as parental education, parental separation, the number of people living in the home, family medical care, the number of rooms in the house, and responsible for the child (8) . The majority of families in this study belonged to the first tertile (low income), and 89.6% of the mothers had 5 or more years of education.…”

“…The prevalence of mouth breathing is high in children, ranging between 53.35% and 55% (2,5) . Dentists should become more aware of this condition, because it can cause various intra and extraoral changes, such as maxillary atresia, protrusion of the upper dental arch, cross bite, poor lip seal, a long face, and other general changes (7,8) . Mouth breathing can cause various oral cavity changes, including pathologies commonly found in children, such as caries and gingivitis.…”

Aeração nasal e força muscular respiratória em crianças respiradoras orais

“…Family income is cited as an important determinant of respiratory pathologies 11 . And what we because the airflow is dynamic.…”

“…Given that the low-income population is evident as higher risk because it involves demographic and economic factors, undoubtedly, the prevalence of respiratory diseases in children would be reduced if they had better residence conditions 11 . The latter data contradicts some points of the results of this study, since all mouth breathing children lived in homes with light and most of them had running water and flushing toilets at home.…”

“…The latter data contradicts some points of the results of this study, since all mouth breathing children lived in homes with light and most of them had running water and flushing toilets at home. So the more unfavorable for the socioeconomic situation, the prevalence of respiratory diseases tend to be bigger 11 . In addition, it was found, in the present study and on a study of 2007 13 , that many of the children weaned before four months of life.…”