Influência de diferentes dietas com alto teor de concentrados sobre parâmetros ruminais, bioquímicos e urinários de ovinos

Abstract

ResumoOito ovinos, da raça Santa Inês, receberam dieta controle (C) (80% de feno de capim coast-cross e 20% de concentrado comercial) e em seguida foram submetidos a experimento em quadrado latino com dietas contendo 30% desse feno e 70% dos concentrados: polpa cítrica peletizada (PCP); polpa cítrica farelada (PCF); fubá de milho (FM) e farelo de trigo (FT). Depois de 21 dias de adaptação às dietas, foi realizada monitoração visual por 24 h. No dia subsequente à observação, na terceira hora após a alimentação, foram coletadas amostras de conteúdo ruminal, urina e sangue. No conteúdo ruminal foi determinado o pH, nas amostras de urina foram efetuadas análises de pH, ureia, fósforo, creatinina e exame de sedimento, e no sangue foram realizadas determinações séricas de ureia, fósforo e creatinina. Foram calculados o ín-dice de excreção urinária (IEUP) e a taxa de excreção fracional (TEFP) do fósforo. Os dados foram avaliados por análise de variância e Teste de Tukey ou Mann-Whitney. Foi realizada a análise de correlação entre pares de variáveis. Tanto a PCP como a PCF estimularam significativamente a ruminação, semelhante ao grupo controle, e com maior tempo que o FM (P < 0,05). Maiores concentrações de P sérico, IEUP e TEFP foram encontradas na dieta FT (P < 0,05). Quanto maiores os teores de P sérico maior o IEUP (r = 0,78). Quanto maior o tempo devotado à ruminação menor foi o fós-foro sanguíneo (r = 0,62). A maior ruminação diminuiu os teores de fósforo sérico e sua excreção urinária, diminuindo assim a predisposição à urolitíase em ovinos.Palavras-chave: Urolitíase. Polpa cítrica. Ruminação. Cristais. AbstractEight adult Santa Inês sheep received a control diet (C) (80% of coast-cross hay and 20% of commercial feed) and then they were submitted to a Latin square experiment with diets containing 30% of hay and 70% of the following concentrates: pelleted citrus pulp (PCP), citrus pulp meal (PCF), cornmeal (FM) or wheat bran (FT). After 21 days of adaptation to the diets visual monitoring was performed for 24 h. On the day after the visual observation samples of rumen content, urine and blood were taken at the 3rd hour after feeding. Rumen content was analyzed for pH; urine samples were analyzed for pH, urea, phosphorus, creatinine and sediment examination. Blood samples were used for serum determinations of urea, creatinine and phosphorus. The index of urinary excretion of phosphorus (IEUP) and fractional excretion rate of phosphorus (TEFP) were calculated. Data were evaluated by analysis of variance and Tukey test or Mann-Whitney test. Pearson correlation analysis was made to compare variables. Both the PCP and PCF significantly stimulated rumination, similar to the control group, being higher when compared with the FM diet. Increased concentrations of serum P, IEUP and TEFP were found in the FT diet (P < 0.05). The higher the serum levels of P, the higher the P excretion in the urine (r = 0.78). The higher the time devoted to rumination, the lower the serum P concentrations (r 2 = 0.62). The increased ruminati...

Changes in the levels of acute-phase protein and other serum protein fractions in Santa Inês ewes fed with a high-concentrate diet

“…After the initial reduction of ruminal pH, similar to dairy cattle induced to SARA (Steele et al, 2011), this variable showed fluctuation, possibly because the long-term, high-grain diet increased HCO 3 − secretion into the reticulo-rumen (Gäbel et al, 1991), and propionate, butyrate, and lactate absorption in the rumen (Schwaiger et al, 2013). The decrease of urine pH, as observed in sheep fed 70% concentrate feed (Minervino et al, 2014), indicates regulation of metabolic acidosis caused by SARA, since the small lung capacity of ruminants requires acid elimination via the kidneys (Enemark et al, 2002), and renal HCO 3 − retention and acid excretion are necessary for long-term correction of metabolic acidosis (Houpt, 2006;Carlson, 2009;Jones, 2010). The ruminal pH above SARA limits (Owens et al, 1998;Enemark et al, 2002;Kleen et al, 2003) does not exclude its occurrence, because further parameters are required to diagnose it (Brossard et al, 2003), as exemplified by ruminal fluid characteristics and urinary pH.…”

The Use of Additives to Prevent Urolithiasis in Lambs Fed Diets with a High Proportion of Concentrate

“…Louvandini and Vitti [38], in a metabolic assay, provided different daily levels of phosphorus for sheep (1, 2, and 3 g/animal) and verified a relation of r = 0.90 between the phosphorus absorbed and the phosphorus consumed. According to Minervino et al [39], the greater presence of phosphorus in the diet reflects a higher blood concentration. Thus, the phosphorus in the dietary ingredients, especially corn, may have caused this increase in addition to time.…”

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

“…11821, following the technique described previously (Fossati et al 1980). Urinary concentrations (urea, allantoin, and uric acid) were corrected by the concentration of urinary creatinine and the metabolic weight (live weight 0.75 ) of the animals, using the following formula: Concentration of the metabolite in question (mmol/L) × metabolic weight/urinary creatinine concentration (mmol/L) (Minervino et al 2014a).…”