Influence of Sulfur Amino Acids on Copper Toxicity in Chicks

Jensen, L. S.; Maurice, D. V.

doi:10.1093/jn/109.1.91

Cited by 39 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…With copper at 500 mg/kg, slightly more than .10% methionine was required. Results of a study by Jensen and Maurice (1979) suggested that between .2% and .4% methionine was necessary to completely reverse the growth-depressing effect of 500 mg/kg copper. However, in that study and another (Jensen and Maurice, 1978) no estimate was made of the minimum level of supplemental methionine required in the control diet containing no copper sulfate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of High-Level Copper Feeding on the Sulfur Amino Acid Need of Chicks Fed Corn-Soybean Meal and Purified Crystalline Amino Acid Diets

Robbins

Baker

1980

Poultry Science

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Supplementation of a corn-soybean meal diet with .05% methionine maximized gain and feed efficiency of three-week-old chicks fed copper at either 0 or 250 mg/kg. With copper present at 500 mg/kg, the supplemental methionine requirement was in excess of .10%. Liver copper stores of chicks fed copper at 250 mg/kg declined linearly as supplemental methionine level increased, but methionine level had no effect on liver copper when chicks were fed 500 mg/kg copper. Liver copper accumulation did not occur in chicks fed 250 mg/kg copper when supplemental sulfur was provided as a combination of .05% methionine and 1800 mg/kg sulfide. Irrespective of methionine level, sulfide addition reduced liver copper by one-half in birds fed 500 mg/kg copper. Chicks fed the purified diet were appreciably more susceptible to copper toxicity than those fed the corn-soybean meal diet. Chicks fed the purified diet without supplemental copper required .52% sulfur amino acids (SAA). Chicks fed copper at 250 and 500 mg/kg required .65 and .70 SAA, respectively, although gain and feed efficiency were still depressed when compared with the performance of the control birds. Higher levels of methionine failed to restore growth rates to those achieved with birds fed no supplemental copper. Supplementing the copper-containing diets with up to 1.6% cystine improved performance some but failed to completely overcome the growth depressing effect of copper at 500 mg/kg. Results of additional studies indicated that the purified diet containing .70% SAA and 500 mg/kg copper was nutritionally adequate and that the marked toxicity of copper when fed in the purified diet was due to the chemical nature of the diet rather than to any specific copper-induced nutritional deficiencies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of High-Level Copper Feeding on the Sulfur Amino Acid Need of Chicks Fed Corn-Soybean Meal and Purified Crystalline Amino Acid Diets

Robbins

Baker

1980

Poultry Science

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“…The average copper content was 13 mg/kg on a dry matter basis for the livers from the birds fed the control diets and 10 mg/kg for those from birds fed the copper-supplemented diets. These low values from either dietary treatment were not significantly different and were not unexpected because Jensen and Maurice (1979) and Creek and Helbacka (1967) reported that hepatic copper contents in broiler chicks did not increase significantly until dietary concentrations exceeded 250 mg/kg. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…Unfortunately, the addition of 500 mg copper sulphate/kg diet results in a concentration of elemental copper greater than 125 mg/kg and far in excess of the allowance of 4 mg/kg recommended by the National Research Council (1977). However, 0-5 g of copper sulphate/kg of diet is within the dietary tolerance level of 250 mg/kg of copper for chicks (Jensen and Maurice, 1979) and 100 to 400 mg/kg for laying hens (Jackson et 172 E. L. JOHNSON, J. L. NICHOLSON AND J. A. DOERR al., 1979).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of dietary copper on litter microbial population and broiler performance

Johnson

Nicholson

Doerr

1985

British Poultry Science

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Proprietary broiler diets, containing added copper (125 mg/kg) as sulphate, were fed to broilers in 4 trials (32 pens each) over a one year period without a change of litter. Mould counts in the litter of pens containing birds fed the standard diets decreased to 2 X 10(3) propagules per g in trial 4. Those in the pens with birds fed the diets containing supplemental copper decreased to 6 X 10(2) propagules per g. Litter bacterial counts (10(7) organisms/g) were not affected by dietary copper. Litter copper concentrations in pens where the birds were fed supplemented diets increased significantly to more than 600 mg/kg in trial 4. Dietary copper sulphate addition significantly increased broiler weight gains at 7 weeks in trials 3 and 4 (P less than 0.05) and the efficiency of food utilisation was significantly improved in trial 4. The copper content of the chicks' livers remained unchanged. It is suggested that broiler performance may be independent of dietary copper content. Litter copper concentrations and litter microbial alterations may be important factors.

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“…To understand how glutathione which is essential for normal metabolic function, may affect chromium toxicity. Jensen and Maurice (1979) hypothesized that glutathione may -(i) Diminish the absorption of chromium, (ii) Form a complex with chromium in vivo, (iii) Enhance the synthesis of chromium binding proteins and (iv) Increase the biliary excretion of chromium. The present study concluded that glutathione which is a small protein composed of three amino acids-cysteine, glutamic acid and glycine involved in detoxification and antioxidant mechanisms, is protective and effective in modifying gross changes in hematological indices induced by hexavalent chromium in rats.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of dietary glutathione on hematological indices in rats poisoned with hexavalent chromium

Kumar¹,

Kumar²

2013

JANS

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Abstract:The effects of dietary glutathione against chromium induced hematological indices were studied in rats, Rattus rattus albino. Supplementation of glutahione to the diet of chromium fed rats, elevated significantly percent hemoglobin (40.4%), number of red blood corpuscles (48.7%), plasma corpuscular volume (43.4%) and mean corpuscular volume (37.1%) which were inhibited in chromium poisoned rats. However, no marked elevation was noticed in number of white blood corpuscles and total proteins. Intake of glutahione checked the accumulation of glucose, cholesterol, tryglcerides, phospholipids and bilirubin in chromium treated rats. Chromium intoxication significantly increased the activities of transaminases (p<0.001) and dehydrogenases (p<0.01/p<0.001) which declined by supplementation of gltathione which also restored the chromium inhibited activity of alkaline and acid phosphatase. Specific reasons for these pharmacoticological aspects of glutathione have also been discussed.

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Influence of Sulfur Amino Acids on Copper Toxicity in Chicks

Cited by 39 publications

References 17 publications

Effect of High-Level Copper Feeding on the Sulfur Amino Acid Need of Chicks Fed Corn-Soybean Meal and Purified Crystalline Amino Acid Diets

Effect of High-Level Copper Feeding on the Sulfur Amino Acid Need of Chicks Fed Corn-Soybean Meal and Purified Crystalline Amino Acid Diets

Effect of dietary copper on litter microbial population and broiler performance

Impact of dietary glutathione on hematological indices in rats poisoned with hexavalent chromium

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