INFLUENCE OF PLANT SPACING ON THE BARK PROPERTIES OF A Eucalyptus CLONE

Rocha, Maria Fernanda Vieira; Pereira, Bárbara Luísa Corradi; Oliveira, Aylson Costa; Pego, Matheus Felipe Freire; Veiga, Tais Regina Lima Abreu; Carneiro, Angélica de Cássia Oliveira

doi:10.1590/1806-90882018000500001

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…In Brazil, Rocha et al (2016) assessed the influence of plant spacing on wood and bark density in 7-year-old Eucalyptus hybrids grown in northern Minas Gerais, Brazil and concluded that trees at wider spacings (9 m 2 ) produce bark with greater density than at narrowed spacings (1.5 m 2 ). Rocha et al (2018) evaluated the effect of different plant spacings on bark thickness and properties in Eucalyptus grandis × E. camaldulensis and reported that plant spacing positively affects bark properties. Martins et al (2019) have quantified the macronutrients of 12-year-old Eucalyptus bark planted at three planting densities, concluding that higher plant density contributed to higher bark production and greater nutrient accumulation per area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of stand density on longitudinal variation of wood and bark growth in fast-growing Eucalyptus plantations

Ramalho¹,

Pimenta²,

Goulart³

et al. 2019

iForest

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The influence of tree spacing on the wood/bark ratio is unknown in young fastgrowing Eucalyptus trees. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of plant spacing on the wood and bark production along the Eucalyptus stem. Four genetic materials were planted in four spacings: 3×1 m, 3×2 m, 3×3 m and 3×4 m. Three 5-year-old trees from each clone and in each plant spacing were harvested. Cross-sectional discs (thickness: 30 mm) were cut from each tree along the stem (0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of the total tree height) and at 1.3 m above ground, totaling 288 disks (4 spacings × 4 clones × 3 replicates × 6 axial positions). The wood thickness was measured at six random and equidistant points around the perimeter using a gauge and means were calculated from each disc. Six cross diameters were measured for each debarked disc. After obtaining the averaged bark thickness and wood diameter, the bark content was calculated as the ratio between the surface area occupied by the bark and the total area of the stem in each level. In the narrowed plant spacing (3×1), the trees had a mean diameter of 7.4 cm, while at the spacing 3×4 the diameter of the trees was 91% higher (14.11 cm) at breast height. The increase in plant spacing from 3 to 12 m 2 per tree resulted in an increase in bark thickness (56.7%) from 1.94 mm to 3.04 mm, but caused a reduction of bark content (16%) from 9.66% to 8.11%. Our findings show that trees grown under wider spacing tend to produce thicker bark. The bark thickness and the effect of plant spacing on the bark thickness decreased in the base-top direction. The correlation between bark thickness and wood diameter increases from 0.682 to 0.825 with the increase of spacing between trees. In contrast, the bark thickness to bark content correlation decrease from 0.735 to 0.15 with increased plant spacing. The stand density significantly affected the variation of the stem diameter, bark thickness and bark content of Eucalyptus plantations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of stand density on longitudinal variation of wood and bark growth in fast-growing Eucalyptus plantations

Ramalho¹,

Pimenta²,

Goulart³

et al. 2019

iForest

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“…An increase of approximately 8% in the mean basic density was verified for spacings from 1.5 to 4.5 m 2 and 9.0 m 2 for Eucalyptus plantations (Rocha et al 2016). The largest spacings might result in earlier formation of mature wood, as observed for wood from Eucalyptus (Malan and Hoon 1992).…”

Section: Physical and Anatomical Properties Of T Vulgaris Woodmentioning

confidence: 56%

Variations in productivity and wood properties of Amazonian tachi-branco trees planted at different spacings for bioenergy purposes

Silva

Bufalino

et al. 2019

J. For. Res.

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spacings (6.0 m 2 and 7.5 m 2 ). Genetic variability of the T. vulgaris seed stand and/or high heritability of wood traits overcame the effect of different spacing on all morphological, physical, chemical and energetic properties of T. vulgaris wood. This species has moderate basic density when cultivated at spacings larger than 6 m 2 and net heating value above 7.95 MJ/kg, which is suitable for bioenergy purposes. The high variation in wood properties within tree spacing is strongly indicative of great potential for genetic breeding. The fast growth and the suitable moderate wood basic density confirm the outstanding potential of homogeneous plantations of T. vulgaris for providing wood for bioenergy.

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“…Besides differences in genetic quality, climate and site quality have strong effects on forest productivity and wood quality, decisively affecting its end use (Larson et al 2001). Another factor to consider is that with higher productivities, the harvesting ages are declining, to the point where there is insufficient time to obtain mature wood from clonal stands, so that the wood harvested is all juvenile (Santos et al 2016, Rocha et al 2018). Add to this the fact, wood characterization results usually cannot be extrapolated from one place or climate to other because a single clone as a function of its genetic plasticity can express its anatomical traits in different ways from one place to another.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wood quality of six eucalyptus clones planted in northern Mato Grosso State, Brazil

Serenini¹,

Melo²,

Stangerlin³

et al. 2020

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The present work had the goal of assessing the wood quality through physical-mechanical properties of six 5-year old eucalyptus clones currently planted in northern Mato Grosso State, Brazil. The following clones were assessed, five of them Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla hybrids and one a clone of Eucalyptus camaldulensis. The physical-mechanical properties were basic density as a function of tree height; pith-to-bark direction; linear, tangential and radial shrinkage; and anisotropic coefficient, longitudinal and parallel compression and static bending strengths; and hardness. Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla hybrids showed the best wood quality. Concerning to mechanical results, the clones reached intermediate values of strength and rigidity, qualifying them for use in structural applications with less stringent requirements. Considering that all the clones had juvenile wood, the mechanical properties were satisfactory, making the clones suitable for industrial uses.

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INFLUENCE OF PLANT SPACING ON THE BARK PROPERTIES OF A Eucalyptus CLONE

Cited by 12 publications

References 2 publications

Effect of stand density on longitudinal variation of wood and bark growth in fast-growing Eucalyptus plantations

Effect of stand density on longitudinal variation of wood and bark growth in fast-growing Eucalyptus plantations

Variations in productivity and wood properties of Amazonian tachi-branco trees planted at different spacings for bioenergy purposes

Wood quality of six eucalyptus clones planted in northern Mato Grosso State, Brazil

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