Influence of nitrogen fertilization on the seed yield  and the content and quality of fat in pot marigold  (Calendula officinalis L.) cultivars

Król, Beata

doi:10.24326/as.2017.3.7

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…A positive effect of nitrogen was demonstrated, e.g., in experiments on summer savory [51], sage [52], lemon verbena [53], rosemary [54], and chamomile [55]. Król reported a beneficial effect of nitrogen fertilization on the weight of marigold seeds [56], and inflorescences [57,58] with a simultaneous increase in the content of essential oil and a decrease in the number of flavonoids in the raw material. In turn, other authors described reduced content of essential oil in raw material from lemon balm [59], clary sage [60], and Greek oregano [61,62] fertilized with nitrogen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yield and Chemical Composition of Raw Material from Meadow Arnica (Arnica chamissonis Less.) Depending on Soil Conditions and Nitrogen Fertilization

2021

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Considering the global tendency towards using valuable secondary metabolites of plant origin, there is a need to optimize the cultivation of herbal plants, e.g., the meadow arnica (A. chamissonis Less.). The inflorescences of this species (Arnicae anthodium) have a similar chemical composition and pharmacological activity to that in the mountain arnica (Arnica montana L.), and can be cultivated more easily than the mountain arnica. Therefore this study assesses soil and fertilization effects on the flower head yield and concentrations of active substances (sesquiterpene lactones, flavonoids, and essential oil) with great importance for application in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. A field experiment was carried out during 2017–2019 on two types of soil (sandy and loamy soils) differing in the pH values, organic matter content, and the P, K, and Mg levels. Five levels of nitrogen fertilization were applied in both soil variants: 0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 kg N∙ha−1. The study showed that both the soil type and the nitrogen fertilization had a positive impact on the raw material yield and the content and yield of the main active substances. The cultivation of arnica in the loamy soil was more favorable—it provided a higher flower head yield, higher levels of sesquiterpene lactones, flavonoids, and essential oils, and consequently, a higher yield of these metabolites. High flower head yields were achieved at doses of 60 and 90 kg N∙ha−1. The content of sesquiterpene lactones and essential oils increased in the consecutive study years along with the increase in nitrogen doses. The highest content of flavonoids was detected in flower heads obtained from three-year-old plants fertilized with 60 kg N∙ha−1. High yields of sesquiterpene lactones and essential oils were obtained at doses of 90–120 kg N∙ha−1, whereas the fertilization with 60–90 N∙ha−1 ensured a high yield of flavonoids. The yields of sesquiterpene lactones and essential oil did not depend on their concentration but correlated with the increase in the yield of flower heads of plants cultivated in both sandy and loamy soil variants. In turn, the yield of flavonoids was influenced by both their concentration and the flower head yield. The flower head yield, the content of sesquiterpene lactones, flavonoids, and essential oils, and the yields of metabolites presented in this study indicate favorable climatic conditions for the cultivation of A. chamissonis in Central and Eastern Poland. This proves that a wide range of pharmacologically active substances can be produced in this region of Europe.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yield and Chemical Composition of Raw Material from Meadow Arnica (Arnica chamissonis Less.) Depending on Soil Conditions and Nitrogen Fertilization

2021

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“…In addition, hybrid 99276 delivered the greatest seed yield which being at the higherlevel of 2380 kg ha −1 . Król (2017) determined seed and fat yields of calendula (recording 1857.3 and 399.3 kg ha -1 , respectively) and detected these highest values in the cultivar 'Orange King' while the highest calendic acid percentage (54.86%) was in the oil of 'Persimmon Beauty' cultivar. These yields fall within the range or even better than those documented in calendula (1733-2301 kg ha −1 ) from the Netherlands by Breemhaar and Bouman (1995) and by Cromack and Smith (1998) in nine various calendula accessions from southwest England (1160-2410 kg ha −1 ) and by Jevdovic et al (2013) where the highest seed yield was 672.84 kg ha −1 .…”

Section: Growth and Yield Characters Of Calendula (Calendula Officina...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Production Potential of Pot Marigold (Calendula officinalis) as a Dual-Purpose Crop

Salama¹,

Sabry²

2023

SJA

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Calendula is mainly grown as a single purpose plant for its flowers or recently for its seeds, whereas information for calendula cultivation for both flowers or petals and seed production is very scarce. A field study was conducted on two seasons to evaluate the effect of petal harvesting on flower heads fresh and dry weights, monthly and cumulative number of flower heads/plant, seed yield, fixed oil percentage and fatty acid analysis of pot marigold (Calendula officinalis). A Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was used to arrange the treatments in three replicates, (H): petal harvesting and (C): without petal harvesting (control). Petal harvested plants produced a significantly much more harvestable total flower yield of 297-350 per plant than control with 48-51 flower/plant. Further, petal harvesting has significant effect on the flowers number and it increased 6-7 folds; hence possibly improve the compensation ability of plants to set new buds. Petal harvesting had positive significant effects on plant fresh and dry weights, seed yield but adversely affected flower fresh and dry weights as well as seed oil percent (%). Seed oil percent ranged from 11.76 to 11.94 in petal harvesting treatment compared to control that ranged between 14.01 to 14.38. Petal harvesting resulted in a significant reduction in oil percent by 19 % and 20% when compared to no petal harvesting in the first and second season, respectively. The major constituents of the extracted oil from calendula seeds were calendic acid (45.95-46.27%) and linoleic acid (26.56-26.81%) whereas palmitic acid (5.23-5.32 %) oleic acid (5.87-6.72 %), stearic acid (3.34-3.41%), avenoleic acid (2.15-2.46%) and sterculic acid (3.27-3.89%) were the predominant constituents. It can be said from our results that it is possible to perform eighteen petal harvests to be used for pharmaceutical or coloring and dying purposes and at the same time keep the flowers on the plant and get the highest seed yield for industrial applications.

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Effect of nitrogen fertilization and plant density on seed yield and fat content and quality of pot marigold (Calendula officinalis L.) under climatic conditions of Belarus

Kwiatkowski

Harasim

Yakimovich³

2020

asphc

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This paper presents the results of a study on the effect of different N fertilization and seeding rates on yield and some quality parameters (of seeds) of pot marigold. A field experiment was carried out during 2014–2016 under soil and climatic conditions of Belarus (Priluki Research Station near Minsk). The experiment included the following factors: N fertilization rate 40, 60, 80, 100 kg ha–1; plant density per 1 m2 (30, 50, 70, 90). The experiment was set up as a randomized block design in five replicates, with a single plot area of 8.0 m2. The soil in Priluki was characterized by medium nutrient availability (at the level: P = 120–127, K = 164–174, Mg = 59–66 mg kg–1 soil). Regardless of the experimental factors, weather conditions had a significant impact on pot marigold productivity. The year 2016, characterized by an even distribution of rainfall during the growing season and moderate air temperatures, proved to be most beneficial for pot marigold productivity and quality. Hydrological conditions in the other years (2014 and 2015) there was a slight drought. The year 2014 should be considered to be cold, whereas the second year of the study (2015) was moderately warm. Best production effects (seed yield, fat yield) were obtained at rates of 60–80 kg N ha–1. This rate of nitrogen fertilization also modified the fatty acid composition, contributing to a higher content of linoleic acid and calendic acid (∑ α-calendic and β-calendic acids). A nitrogen rate of 100 kg N ha–1 proved to be irrational in terms of the quantity and quality of pot marigold yield. A density of 50–70 plants per 1 m2 resulted in the highest seed and fat yield per unit area. A plant density of 50 plants per 1 m2 resulted in the highest content of C18 unsaturated acids (stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid) in the oil.

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Influence of nitrogen fertilization on the seed yield and the content and quality of fat in pot marigold (Calendula officinalis L.) cultivars

Cited by 3 publications

References 18 publications

Yield and Chemical Composition of Raw Material from Meadow Arnica (Arnica chamissonis Less.) Depending on Soil Conditions and Nitrogen Fertilization

Yield and Chemical Composition of Raw Material from Meadow Arnica (Arnica chamissonis Less.) Depending on Soil Conditions and Nitrogen Fertilization

Production Potential of Pot Marigold (Calendula officinalis) as a Dual-Purpose Crop

Effect of nitrogen fertilization and plant density on seed yield and fat content and quality of pot marigold (Calendula officinalis L.) under climatic conditions of Belarus

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