Influence of nicotine on machined- and anodized-surface implants. Histometric analysis

Abstract

BackgroundThe nicotine may generate a influence on bone repair and longevity of dental implants. This fact makes studies to improve the surface of the implants are constantly conducted. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of subcutaneous nicotine injection in the osseointegration process on different implant surfaces, through histomorphometric analysis.Material and MethodsTherefore, twenty-two male rabbits were randomly distributed into two groups according to the subcutaneous injections: (1) nicotine, 3 mg/day/kg and (2) 0.9% NaCI, 3 mL/day/kg, three times a day. Subgroups were then designated - machined and anodized dental implants were installed in the right and left tibia bones, respectively. The animals were subjected to euthanasia after periods of eight weeks for histomorphometric analysis. The bone samples with implants were removed and the routine histological processing was performed. Next, the images obtained from the blades were evaluated by the Image Tool™ software, assessing the osseointegrated areas of implants (BIC), in pixels. Data obtained were subjected to intergroup statistical analysis through the Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test (α=5%).ResultsThe test result showed no statistically significant difference among the groups studied (p=0.446).ConclusionsBased on the methodology studied, it is concluded that the daily application of low doses of nicotine did not interfere with the osseointegration of machined and anodized implants. Key words:Bone-implant interface, implants, osseointegration.

The effects of subcutaneous injection of nicotine on osseointegration of machined and anodized implants in rabbits

“…The reverse torque removal values are directly related to the contact bone/ implant interface, bone density, quantity of cortical bone around the torque after certain periods. There was no significant differences between the torques induced by machined and anodized surfaces of test groups in the present experiment, which is in agreement with others reports [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] . Likewise, no difference was observed in the control groups.…”

“…The results showed that low nicotine dose administration did not cause deleterious effects on bone healing and implant osseointegration, which is in agreement with other study [14][15] . Cotinine levels observed in the rabbits after the daily doses of nicotine were equivalent to concentrations observed in light smokers (less than 10 ng/mL) [16][17] , which did not, reproduced the negative impact of cigarette around titanium implants. According to Cesar-Neto et al 18 subcutaneous administration of nicotine (3 mg/kg) three times a day, did not influence healing around implants.…”

“…Experimental surgery for implant placement was performed as previously described [15][16] . Then, the trichotomy was performed on the tibia of the rabbits, removing all the hairs from the area to be operated.…”

<p>Prospective Trial of Sacroiliac Joint Fusion Using 3D-Printed Triangular Titanium Implants</p>

“…Porous surfaces may also improve bony ongrowth in patients with osteoporosis or in those who smoke. 15,16 Titanium plasma sprays typically create surfaces with low interconnectivity and small pore sizes (100-150 μm). In addition, the porous surface depth can vary significantly secondary to the manufacturing process.…”

Human non-decalcified histology of three dental implants 45 months under function—a case report

“…The osseointegration process is defined as the direct contact of living bone and a loaded implant at the microscopic level [1]. This event has been shown by different animal models [2–4] and in a few human histological reports [5], being influenced by many variable like systemic conditions (diabetes mellitus [3] and cigarette smoking [4]), implant surface macro- and microtexture (roughness and treatment methods) [6, 7], and prosthetic restoration stability [8].…”