Influence of Natural and Accelerated Weathering on the Mechanical Properties of Low-Density Polyethylene Films

Tuasikal, Muhammad Abduh; Alothman, Othman Y.; Luqman, Mohammad; Al‐Zahrani, Saeed M.; Jawaid, Mohammad

doi:10.1080/1023666x.2014.877212

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The identification of the more suitable procedure to make reliable previsions of long term performance of outdoor exposed greenhouse covering films has been the subject of several papers [ 28 , 29 ]. In agricultural applications, the polymeric films, mainly based on low-density polyethylene (LDPE), are continuously and severely weathered for prolonged times, especially under the concomitant effect of UV radiations and oxygen; any degradation/modification of the films, on the other hand, can appreciably affect the quantity and quality of the crops produced inside the greenhouses.…”

Section: Comparison Between On Field Durability Tests With Accelerated Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the main purpose of such studies is the assessment of the effects of the introduction of additives (antioxidants, UV-stabilizers, hindered amine light stabilizer, etc. ), capable to improve the durability of the PE films by retarding the onset of degradative phenomena occurring usually after two-three years of natural exposure [ 29 ]. To this regard, the possibility to test the durability of a LDPE film through an accelerated aging procedure allows to identify the best modified composition in times substantially shorter if compared to the typical on field observation periods not suitable for making industrial choices.…”

Section: Comparison Between On Field Durability Tests With Accelerated Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, it was not possible to calculate a precise equivalent time from the results obtained on weathered or artificially aged specimens since the accelerated procedures provided a general overestimation of the degradation effects caused by outdoor exposure. In the other study [ 29 ], the equivalent time for accelerated aging with respect to natural exposure was calculated for the tensile mechanical properties on each of the different LDPE compositions analyzed: it was found that the calculated equivalent times varied from one formulation to another. The data collected from Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, performed on the films aged under natural or accelerated conditions, revealed different characteristic chemical groups formed after the two different exposure regimes, the natural outdoor exposure (performed in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia) producing much more severe effects than accelerated exposure.…”

Section: Comparison Between On Field Durability Tests With Accelerated Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Can Accelerated Aging Procedures Predict the Long Term Behavior of Polymers Exposed to Different Environments?

Frigione

Rodríguez-Prieto

2021

Polymers

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During their useful life, polymers are subject to degradation processes due to exposure to specific environmental conditions over long times. These processes generally lead to changes, almost always irreversible, of properties and performances of polymers, changes which would be useful to be able to predict in advance. To meet this need, numerous investigations have been focused on the possibility to predict the long-term performance of polymers, if exposed to specific environments, by the so called “accelerated aging” tests. In such procedures, the long-term behavior of polymeric materials is typically predicted by subjecting them to cycles of radiations, temperatures, vapor condensation, and other external agents, at levels well above those found in true conditions in order to accelerate the degradation of polymers: this can produce effects that substantially deviate from those observable under natural exposure. Even following the standard codes, different environmental parameters are often used in the diverse studies, making it difficult to compare different investigations. The correlation of results from accelerated procedures with data collected after natural exposure is still a debated matter. Furthermore, since the environmental conditions are a function of the season and the geographical position, and are also characteristic of the type of exposure area, the environmental parameters to be used in accelerated aging tests should also consider these variables. These and other issues concerning accelerated aging tests applied to polymers are analyzed in the present work. However, bearing in mind the limitations of these practices, they can find useful applications for rating the durability of polymeric materials.

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Section: Comparison Between On Field Durability Tests With Accelerated Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Comparison Between On Field Durability Tests With Accelerated Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Comparison Between On Field Durability Tests With Accelerated Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Can Accelerated Aging Procedures Predict the Long Term Behavior of Polymers Exposed to Different Environments?

Frigione

Rodríguez-Prieto

2021

Polymers

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“…e detonation method of the nonel tube was observed under high-speed cameras [3,4], and the design and connection method of the blasting network was widely studied and applied [5][6][7][8]. e source material of ordinary plastic nonel tube is low-density polyethylene (LDPE), which has the characteristics of good toughness, easy processing, and wide application range [9][10][11][12][13]. With the development of the civil explosive industry, the use of the existing ordinary nonel tube is limited, and new requirements are imposed on the strength and heat resistance of the nonel tube.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Blending of Wall Material of the Nonel Tube by CSW/PE-g-MAH

Zhang

Yang

et al. 2019

Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry

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In order to improve the strength and resistance of ordinary nonel tubes, calcium sulfate whiskers (CSW, treated with silane coupling agent) and maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene (PE-g-MAH) are used to control the wall material of the nonel tube that the blending of the low-density polyethylene was enhanced. The effects of mass fraction of CSW or PE-g-MAH on the tensile properties, interfacial structure, melting and crystallization characteristics, and thermal decomposition behavior of the composite system were studied, and the thermal decomposition kinetics were calculated. The results show that, relative to pure LDPE, the strength of LDPE/CSW (85/15) is increased by 7.58%, and the strength of LDPE/CSW/PE-g-MAH (84/15/1) is increased by 7.58%. The addition of CSW or PE-g-MAH has gradually changed the fracture mode of the LDPE matrix. Thermal analysis shows that CSW can reduce the crystallinity of LDPE. The melting and crystallization characteristics of LDPE/CSW/PE-g-MAH composites have little effect, but the thermal decomposition stability is improved. The kinetic analysis showed that the reaction order (n) was around 1, CSW could improve LDPE/CSW thermal decomposition activation energy, and PE-g-MAH increased the thermal decomposition activation energy of LDPE/CSW/PE-g-MAH.

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“…This was also supported by Andrady et al [18] work on polyolefin polymers weathering. LDPE films were extruded and blown in Tuasikal et al [19] work and were exposed to accelerated weathering tests to investigate the effect of various stabilizers added to the blends. A clear exponential reduction was reported in the mechanical properties which was also dependent on the materials thickness and the formulated blends characteristics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Die Head Temperature at Compounding Stage on the Degradation of Linear Low Density Polyethylene/Plastic Film Waste Blends after Accelerated Weathering

Al–Salem

Al-Dousari

Abraham

et al. 2016

International Journal of Polymer Science

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Accelerated weathering test was performed on blends of linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) and plastic film waste constituting the following percentages of polyolefin polymers (wt.%): LLDPE (46%), low density polyethylene (LDPE, 51%), high density polyethylene (HDPE, 1%), and polypropylene (PP, 2%). Compounded blends were evaluated for their mechanical and physical (optical) properties. The impact of photodegradation on the formulated blends was studied, and loss of mechanical integrity was apparent with respect to both the exposure duration to weathering and waste content. The effect of processing conditions, namely, the die head temperature (DHT) of the blown-film assembly used, was investigated in this work. It was witnessed that surpassing the melting point of the blends constituting polymers did not always result in a synergistic behaviour between polymers. This was suspected to be due to the loss of amorphous region that polyolefin polymers get subjected to with UV exposure under weathering conditions and the effect of the plastic waste constituents. The total change in colour (ΔE) did not change with respect to DHT or waste content due to rapid change degradation on the material’s surface. Haze (%) and light transmission (%) decreased with the increase in waste content which was attributed to lack of miscibility between constituting polymers.

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Influence of Natural and Accelerated Weathering on the Mechanical Properties of Low-Density Polyethylene Films

Cited by 16 publications

References 29 publications

Can Accelerated Aging Procedures Predict the Long Term Behavior of Polymers Exposed to Different Environments?

Can Accelerated Aging Procedures Predict the Long Term Behavior of Polymers Exposed to Different Environments?

Study on Blending of Wall Material of the Nonel Tube by CSW/PE-g-MAH

Effect of Die Head Temperature at Compounding Stage on the Degradation of Linear Low Density Polyethylene/Plastic Film Waste Blends after Accelerated Weathering

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