Influence of mineral fertilizers on productivity and quality of wheat varieties seeds in the northern forest-steppe of the Tyumen region

Abstract

In the Siberian District, including the Tyumen region, a great contribution into production of foodgrain has been made by valuable and strong varieties of spring soft wheat Iren, Omskaya 36, Novosibirskaya 31. It should be noted that elements of cultivation technology of these varieties for seeds have been developed insufficiently. In the article, the 2016-2018 data have been analyzed according to the productivity and quality of seeds of the chosen wheat varieties in dependence to the level of mineral nutrition (for planned productivity of 4.5 and 6 t/ha). It has been established that in the conditions of the northern forest-steppe of the Tyumen region the level of mineral nutrition for productivity of 4-5 t/ha provided high quality of seeds. In the variant with NPK of 4 t/ha the yield of seeds of the general productivity was 73.0-77.8%, the mass of 1000 grains – 33.9-38.5, the protein content – 15.3-16.8%, the energy of germination – 58.0-67.3%, the laboratory viability – 94.3-96.5%. The main part of seeds (67-74%) sprouted in 5-6 seminal roots and when resowing in 2017-2018 it gave dense, strong shoots. Seeds from the chosen variant had advantage before the control without fertilizers and before variants with higher level of mineral nutrition in many quality indicators. It has been established that germination energy of seeds closely correlated with protein content (r = 0.72…0.82) and insignificantly – with the mass of 1000 grains (r = 0.27…0.28). Between productivity and energy of germination of seeds the correlation was negative(r = -0,32…-0,40)

Influence of technology elements on the yield and grain quality of spring wheat in the northern forest-steppe of the Tyumen region

“…One of the reasons for this is the violation of one-man management in the selection-variety-testing-production system. Spring wheat breeding is carried out in scientific and educational institutions by fallow, in the system of the State variety testing, varieties are studied by fallow and grain predecessor and under production conditions, and spring wheat is sown in small quantities in pairs [4][5]. At the state variety plots for the grain predecessor, the yield of wheat varieties is 1.5-2 times higher than in production.…”

The yield and grain quality of barley varieties in the northern forest steppe of the Tyumen region

“…Among the grain crops in the country, barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) ranks second after wheat in terms of the cultivation area (1)(2)(3). In the Tyumen region of Russia, a significant part of the grain of this crop is used for feed purposes.…”