Influence of technology elements on the yield and grain quality of spring wheat in the northern forest-steppe of the Tyumen region

The publication presents the results of the study of three modern common oat varieties of West Siberian breeding for response to different levels of agricultural background in contrasting moistening weather conditions. The research was carried out in the northern forest-steppe of the Trans-Urals. The soil is leached thin chernozem, medium-humus, heavy-loamy. The following varieties were studied: Talisman, Otrada, and Foma. By applying fertilizers in the experiment, the following agricultural backgrounds were created: control, without fertilizers; medium N60P20 kg/ha of active substance; increased - N90P40; high - N150P6o; very high – N200P80 kg/ha. It was found that the Otrada and Foma varieties have a higher resistance to acute arid conditions compared to the Talisman variety. In a year favorable for moisture due to mineral fertilizers, the maximum yield was obtained for: Talisman – 5.62; Otrada – 6.16 and Foma - 5.78 t/ha of grain. In acutely arid conditions, the Talisman reacted more negatively, the yield of which was equal to 2.30 t/ha. In other varieties, the yield reached 3.11 and 3.36 t/ha, respectively. During the research, it was found that the Otrada and Foma varieties belong to the group of high-intensity varieties recommended for Western Siberia. Biochemical analysis of grain and calculation of influence strength indicator showed that the protein content under the action of fertilizers increases from 6.1-7.0 to 8.4-118%, the Talisman variety had minimal response to fertilizers, where the protein content reached 10.6% only in a dry, hot year. It was revealed that the fat content in oat grain depends only on the variety – the influence strength indicator is 88.9%. The starch content is determined by the weather conditions of the year (36.1%), but varietal features are distinguished.

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic resistance of oat of West Siberian breeding to contrasting weather conditions and mineral nutrition level

Lyubimova

Moiseeva

2022

“…On cereals and other agricultural crops, diseases annually take 15-20% of the crop [8][9]. A radical way in the fight against barley diseases is the creation of resistant varieties.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic value of spring barley varieties depending on the predecessor in the conditions of the northern forest-steppe of the Tyumen region

Yakubyshina

Shakhova

2022

In 2014-2017 studies were carried out on the experimental field of the State Autonomous Agrarian University of the Northern Trans-Urals in the northern forest-steppe of the Tyumen region to study the effect of predecessors on the yield of seeds of barley varieties Vorsinsky 2, Chelyabinsky 99, Acha, Abalak. It has been established that barley varieties formed a yield of 1.35-1.50 t/ha according to the predecessor wheat. At the same time the Abalak variety stood out for the better. According to the predecessor of peas, the seed yield increased to 2.04-2.30 t/ha. The varieties Acha and Abalak were more productive, the increase to the control variant was 0.80-0.81 t/ha, or 54.1-55.9%. The maximum yield of seeds of the studied barley varieties was obtained using the pure fallow predecessor and amounted to 2.27-2.41 t/ha which is 0.89-0.98 t/ha, or 59.3-68.7% higher than the control variant. In terms of seed yield the corn predecessor occupied an intermediate position between the predecessors of peas and pure fallow.

“…Up to 65% falls on the warm period from April to October (up to 40% falls in the spring and autumn, 42-49% in the summer months), which is a positive factor and only 35% falls on the cold period from November to March. These conditions are suitable for the cultivation of major crops [1][2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of a stable yield of grain crops in various meteorological conditions in the northern forest-steppe of the Tyumen region

Shakhova

Yakubyshina

2022

Siberian regions, including the Northern Trans-Urals, play an important role in the production of grain and feed. The main forage crops cultivated in the region are oats and barley. Both crops have a long history of cultivation and a wide range of advantages that allow them to be used for fodder, food and technical purposes. The share of these crops in the grain wedge of the Tyumen region is more than 40%. The creation and introduction of ecologically plastic varieties is a prerequisite for stabilizing grain harvesting. Varieties must combine good responsiveness to favourable growing conditions with resistance to limiting environmental factors. Modern technologies of cultivation of crops directly depend on climatic parameters: temperature, amount of precipitation and their distribution by months. Crop productivity can be controlled by studying and understanding the influence of the climatic potential of Western Siberia, the features of which this article is devoted to. In the current weather conditions 2015-2019. the yield of barley varieties Abalak, Acha and Vorsinsky 2 varied moderately (V = 12.2-17.8%) and ranged from 3.70 to 3.99 t/ha. Variety Chelyabinsky 99 turned out to be responsive to changes in air temperature and the amount of precipitation (V = 28.7%). The yield of oat varieties varied significantly from climatic indicators (V = 37.1-44.3%) and ranged from 1.93 to 3.38 t/ha. The variety Foma stood out especially with a maximum average yield of 3.38 t/ha and an average negative dependence on the SCC for May-September (r = - 0.29).