Influence of milking frequency on withdrawal period after application of β-lactam antibiotic-based drugs

Knappstein, Karin; Suhren, G.; Walte, Hans-Georg

doi:10.1016/s0003-2670(02)01505-2

Cited by 13 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…Three times per day milking is utilized by herds as a mechanism to increase milk production per cow (Smith, Ely, Graves, & Gilson, 2002). Several studies have looked at drug clearance from milk following IMM infusion and determined that either increased frequency of removal of milk or increased production of milk per day, as a result of utilizing 3× vs. 2× milking, are associated with increased clearance of the drug from the udder (Knappstein, Suhren, & Walte, 2003;Stockler, Morin, Lantz, & Constable, 2009;Whittem, 1999). The enhanced clearance would also be expected with drugs administered via the parenteral route as lipid solubility and dissociation constant (pKa) of the drug, which are responsible for allowing drugs to move into milk, are not impacted by milking frequency (Ziv & Sulman, 1975).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative plasma and interstitial fluid pharmacokinetics of flunixin meglumine and ceftiofur hydrochloride following individual and co‐administration in dairy cows

Gorden

Kleinhenz

Wulf

et al. 2017

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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Funding information Iowa State University's College of Veterinary MedicineCeftiofur (CEF) and flunixin meglumine (FLU) are two drugs approved for use in beef and dairy cattle that are frequently used in combination for many diseases. These two drugs are the most commonly used drugs in dairy cattle in their respective drug classes.Two research groups have recently published manuscripts demonstrating altered pharmacokinetics of FLU and CEF in cows affected with naturally occurring mastitis.The objective of this study was to determine whether pharmacokinetics of flunixin meglumine administered intravenously or intramuscularly administered ceftiofur hydrochloride would be altered when co-administered versus individual administration to healthy dairy cattle. Ten cows were utilized in a three-period, three-treatment crossover design, with all cows receiving each treatment one time with a 10-day washout period between treatments. Following treatment, plasma and interstitial fluid samples were collected and stored for later analysis. Additionally, plasma ultrafiltrate was collected using microcentrifugation to determine plasma protein binding of each drug.Drug concentrations in plasma, plasma ultrafiltrate, and interstitial fluid were determined using high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry.The results of this trial indicate that drug interactions between FLU and CEF do not occur when the two drugs are administered simultaneously in healthy cattle. Further work is needed to determine whether this relationship is maintained in the presence of severe disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative plasma and interstitial fluid pharmacokinetics of flunixin meglumine and ceftiofur hydrochloride following individual and co‐administration in dairy cows

Gorden

Kleinhenz

Wulf

et al. 2017

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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“…Similarly, Hamann and Heeschen (1995) observed that more frequent milking after application of cefoperazone markedly decreased the antibiotic concentration in milk consequently suggesting that more frequent milkings should not start earlier than 12 h post-application. Knappstein et al (2003) correlated the influence of milking frequency on excretion of drug in milk with the type of drug used. Their experiment with two beta-lactam antibiotic based drugscefquinome and penicillin showed that, in the case of cefquinome, the influence of individual cows was more pronounced than that of milking frequency.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elimination of erythromycin in milk after intramammary administration in cows with specific mastitis: relation to dose, milking frequency and udder health

Bansal

Bajwa

Randhawa

et al. 2010

Trop Anim Health Prod

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Elimination of erythromycin in milk following intramammary therapy of specific mastitis in cows was studied. Five cows received therapy in one quarter (G1), and eight in two quarters with five milked twice (G2) and three thrice a day (G3). Dose infused was 300 mg/quarter 12 h × 5 times. The drug concentrations in milk were determined using microbial assay technique with Micrococcus luteus as the test organism. Considerable variations occurred in the excretion of drug; levels for treated quarters being 8.25 to 37.61 μg/ml at first milking that declined rapidly at 24 h and no drug activity was observed beyond 36 h post treatment. In total, about 6-25% of the last infused dose appeared in the milk. Drug crossed to 1/15 quarter (G1), 6/10 quarters (G2) and all the six untreated quarters (G3). Crossover levels were significantly higher in mastitic quarters and for G3 cows, but duration of excretion remained same in all cases. It seems that crossover of erythromycin to untreated quarters is related to the udder health and dose infused.

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“…A group of researchers (Knappstein et al. , 2003, 2005) at the Federal Dairy Research Center (FDRC) in Germany have conducted multiple trials evaluating the influence of milking frequency on drug‐withholding times following the use of various antibiotics.…”

Section: Pharmacology Of Imm Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additional information is needed to clarify the connection between milking frequency and treatment protocols as the effect may also be compound specific. A group of researchers (Knappstein et al, 2003(Knappstein et al, , 2005 at the Federal Dairy Research Center (FDRC) in Germany have conducted multiple trials evaluating the influence of milking frequency on drug-withholding times following the use of various antibiotics. The results of their research indicated that the effect of increased milking frequency on drug elimination is dependent on which antibiotic is used.…”

Section: Effect Of Milking Frequency On Drug Distribution and Eliminamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, one study showed that the time for IMM penicillin to fall below the maximum residue limit increased with decreased milking frequency (depletion was delayed in cows milked 1.5 or 2· per day as compared to cows milked three times per day). In contrast, when cefquinome was used according to label directions, the difference in depletion rates between individual cows had significantly more influence on elimination than on milking frequency (Knappstein et al, 2003). A follow-up study was conducted by the same research group using a greater number of IMM drugs, all administered according to label directions.…”

Section: Effect Of Milking Frequency On Drug Distribution and Eliminamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Challenges associated with the demonstration of bioequivalence of intramammary products in ruminants

Lainesse¹,

Gehring²,

Pasloske³

et al. 2012

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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This article explores the numerous challenges encountered when the goal is to demonstrate bioequivalence (BE) between test and reference intramammary (IMM) products in ruminants. Numerous pathophysiological factors of mastitis and physicochemical properties of IMM formulations are implicated in the difficulties in confirming BE for this dosage form. Advantages and disadvantages of current BE study designs are discussed, and alternative perspectives are outlined. Ongoing and future research increasing our knowledge of the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of antimicrobial drugs delivered through this route is crucial to better understanding the implications of clinically significant formulation differences in the demonstration of BE and may also help in developing more effective IMM formulations for ruminants.

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Influence of milking frequency on withdrawal period after application of β-lactam antibiotic-based drugs

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

Comparative plasma and interstitial fluid pharmacokinetics of flunixin meglumine and ceftiofur hydrochloride following individual and co‐administration in dairy cows

Comparative plasma and interstitial fluid pharmacokinetics of flunixin meglumine and ceftiofur hydrochloride following individual and co‐administration in dairy cows

Elimination of erythromycin in milk after intramammary administration in cows with specific mastitis: relation to dose, milking frequency and udder health

Challenges associated with the demonstration of bioequivalence of intramammary products in ruminants

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